The Research On The International Regulation System Of Ecological Environment Protection In The High Seas

The marine environment is closely related to the survival of human beings,and marine ecological environmental protection is gaining more and more attention worldwide.With the increasing human activities on the ocean,the destruction of the marine ecological environment has gradually expanded from the offshore and shallow seas to the high seas.The high seas ecological environment is crucial to the global marine ecosystem.It is not only an environmental issue,but also affects various fields such as society,economy,politics,and people’s livelihood.At present,most countries in the world have formulated relatively comprehensive environmental protection rules for the inland seas,territorial seas and exclusive economic zones.The high seas have long been outside the scope of national jurisdiction and have long lacked a complete protection mechanism.The high seas eco-environment refers to the totality of all elements of marine nature and non-naturalness,with human survival and development as the center,relative to its existence and having direct or indirect impact.However,when the inherent elements of non-marine nature exceed the maximum that the high seas can withstand,the high seas ecological environment will cause three problems: high seas water pollution,high seas ecosystem destruction,and high seas biological resource diversity loss.It is precisely because of these problems in the current high sea ecological environment,and the high sea ecological environment has a decisive position for the entire marine ecosystem.Therefore,protecting the ecological environment of the high seas is conducive to the harmonious development of marine resources and marine environment,and ultimately the harmonious development of man and nature,environment and society.The international laws and regulations on the environmental protection of the high seas are aimed at maintaining the ecological environment of the high seas,and intervene with international law on the realization of the environmental protection of the high seas.The innovation of this article is that "regulation" is not equal to "institution".The international laws and regulations on the environmental protection of the high seas should not only include the regulation of international treaties but also the regulation of international organizations.Then,the current international treaty regulation and international organization regulation of the high seas ’environmental protection are summarized,and their regulations on the pollution of the high seas water body,the destruction of the high seas ecosystem and the loss of the high seas biological resources diversity are discussed in detail.Based on a comprehensive analysis of the above regulations,it is concluded that there are three aspects of the high seas ecological environmental protection international law and regulation,including the application defects of the illegal liability principle,the limitations of the intervention subject,and the lack of special protection regulations and institutions.Therefore,the high seas ecological environment It has not been effectively protected.Among them,the article takes the leak of the "Prestige" cruise ship as an interlude,and demonstrates that there are indeed problems in the international legal system of ecological protection of the high seas with practical cases and urgently needs to be resolved.In this regard,this article proposes that it should be protected by professional international conventions;emergency intervention in the ecological protection of the high seas;the establishment of international institutions that specifically represent the interests of the high seas and the establishment of a global network of high seas protected areas to solve the above problems.As a responsible developing country,China is also a country with great maritime interests.It has the responsibility and ability to actively respond to the ecological protection of the high seas.China should strengthen the legal system of marine ecological environment protection throughout the country,and at the same time,it must strictly abide by the treaty and abide by the principle of international treaties;strengthen international cooperation on the ecological protection of the high seas and promote international legislation;Multiple consensus on ecological environment protection.The international laws and regulations on the environmental protection of the high seas are very important to protect the ecological environment of the high seas.The research on the international laws and regulations on the environmental protection of the high seas has a long way to go.