Study On The Economic Struggle Of Workers In The North Under The Leadership Of The Communist Party Of China(1921-1923)

Striving for the economic rights and interests of the working class is one of the important contents of the worker movement led by the early Communist Party of China.Marxism holds that the economic struggle of the proletariat is of positive significance.Lenin also adheres to this point of view and combines the practice of the Russian revolution with its application and development.Economic struggle is the collective struggle of the working class against the factory owners in order to obtain the favorable conditions for selling labor force and improve their working and living conditions.This is Lenin’s definition of economic struggle.The Communist Party of China,with Russia as its teacher,has led the Chinese working class in a series of struggles for economic rights and interests in order to raise workers’ awareness and promote revolutionary development.Limited in space,this paper only takes the economic struggle of northern workers led by the Communist Party of China as the research object.Northern workers were born in 1860 s,mainly distributed in modern industrial and mining transportation industry.Politically,they are subjected to cruel oppression;economically,they are severely exploited,their production conditions are poor and their lives are unbearable.In order to improve their lives,workers in the north also made some spontaneous economic struggles and basically failed.After the founding of the Communist Party of China,the northern branch of the Secretariat of the Chinese Labor Group was established in Beijing,and trade union organizations were established along the railways of Changxindian,Tangshan,Beijing-Han Road and Jingsui Road to unify the leadership of workers in carrying out economic struggle;worker tutorial schools and worker publications were established to instill Marxist theory.The consciousness of high workers;the conflict between warlords and the struggle for legal struggle and direct action.Starting from the second half of 1921,the leaders of the Communist Party of China,Xindian workers,Shanhaiguan iron factory workers of Jingfenglu,Tangshan factory workers,Jingsui railway workers and Zhengtai railway workers,have been carrying out strikes for economic rights and interests,such as increasing wages,shortening working hours,improving working conditions and improving labor treatment.Most of the economic rights and interests have been recognized by capitalist factory owners,and workers’ lives have been improved and their enthusiasm for struggle has been enhanced.At the same time,it also raised the prestige of the Communist Party of China and attacked imperialism and feudal warlords.The Chinese revolution began to shift from economic struggle to political struggle.Compared with the economic struggles in the spontaneous stage,the economic struggles of the workers in the north under the leadership of the Communist Party of China were frequent,large in scale and long in duration,showing continuity and centralizatio n.Taking the daily economic issues concerned by workers as the propaganda content,organizing trade unions on the basis of industrial principles,cultivating the backbone of workers and strengthening the party’s leadership over the economic struggle are t he advantages of the Communist Party of China in leading the workers’ economic struggle.However,as the Communist Party of China was just established,there were some deficiencies in the process of leading workers to carry out economic struggle,such as inadequate strike preparation,lack of armed workers,and neglect to fight for junior staff.The experiences and lessons accumulated in the economic struggle of workers under the leadership of the Communist Party of China are of great guiding significance to the recovery and development of the later workers’ movement.