| Innovation is the foremost driving force for development.The 2018 Global Innovation Index(GII)reveals that China is the only middle-income country to enter the top 20,ranking continuously to 17th(127 economies),which means that during the past 70 years,China’s scientific and technological innovation has entered the "quality threshold" and the government’s innovation policy has played a positive role in the balanced development of the innovation system.However,in the journey to an innovative country,the contribution rate of scientific and technological progress is still the "Achilles’ heel",which far lower than global technological innovation of the First Group.It shows that the dysentery of the "two skins" of science and technology has not been completely cured.There exits many drawbacks in the original scientific and technological achievements and the self-controllability of the industry core technologies.Obviously,colleges and universities that are the three major functions of education,scientific research and service society are hard to be escaped in the process of development.As the Minister of Science and Technology Wang Zhigang said at the press conference of the Second Session of the 13 th National People‘s Congress that one of the core elements of entering the ranks of innovative countries is to identify whether the elements of technological innovation can become the main driving force for development,and the transformation of sci-tech achievements is a vital channel for constructing a modern economic system.Here we not only need to supply the "source of living water" of technological innovation,but also pay attention to dredg "River Ditch" of the policy transmission.We can‘t help but thinking: Why does the Central and Local Governments introduce a package of scientific and technological achievements transformation policies that are weak in the follow-up of micro-subjects such as universities? Under the fact that the existing sci-tech achievements transformation system is basically established,what kind of picture does the transmission mechanism of policy at the university level present? In response to the transformation of scientific and technological achievements in universities,the "intestinal blockage"curse,how to smooth the last mile of the policy,to overcome the policy effectiveness diminishing?The paper expounds the transmission mechanism of sci-tech achievements transformation policy in the university as the main line of research,and follows the basic logic and ideas of "concept definition → problem mining → factor analysis → theoretical model construction → mechanism interpretation → policy design",and explores the "last mile" of policy transmission of sci-tech achievements in higher Institutions.Based on the definition of the basic concepts,Citespace visualization software is used to systematically review and comment on the academic history of sci-tech achievements transformation policies at home and abroad,outline the knowledge map of the research topic,explain the research direction of paper,and determine the research objectives and content;then,select the 24 universities in Nanjing as the research object,descriptive analysis of the status quo and basic problems of the of sci-tech achievements transmission,so as to demonstrate the multi-dimensional display of sci-tech achievements transmission in universities and to explore its bottlenecks and problems.Precisely Point out the crux of the policy;further,around the problem of policy transmission block,in-depth interviews with 24 universities in Nanjing,try to use the Grounded Theory to fund out the influencing factors of the transfer of sci-tech achievements and construct its policy transmission mechanism model in higher Institutions,attached with the theoretical explanation.Finally,a number of anti-blocking suggestions were proposed.The main findings are as follows:(1)The "intestinal blockage" transmitted by the sci-technological achievements transformation policy in higher institutions still exists.Compared with the "four beams and eight pillars" framework of the sci-tech achievements transformation policy,the "small stream" of the last mile of the policy needs to be dredged and enriched.The problems mainly focus on the power supply of transfer and transformation,the reform of higher education,the soundness of the technology transfer system,and the ability of the innovation subject undertakes;(2)The factors affecting the transformation of sci-tech achievements in higher institutions are complex and diverse.Such as,policy attributes,decision preferences,internal management,evaluation orientation,external support and policy implementation,all of which will have a significant impact on policy implementation behavior that higher institutions propably to choose,forming behavioral strategies such as normal execution and symbolic execution,etc.;(3)There is still a conduction process from policy attributes to policy implementation.The sci-tech achievement transformation policy plays a role in the MPSB transmission mechanism of "Mission Guidance—Power Supply—Strategy Promotion—Behavior Choice.Duringthe conduction process,every element and each link interact and interact with each other to form a dynamic cycle.(4)The main factors in the policy transmission phase are interactions.The mission guidance is mainly reflected by the policy attributes,which is the driving factor of the front traction,which directly affects the policy implementation behavior and policy effects;the power supply is driven by the supply of university policy preferences and the external support of the organization;the spiral advancement is guided by evaluation and internal management;The two-factor driving role of management;behavior choice refers to the behavior of normal or deviation taken by the performer under the above-mentioned circumstances.Based on the above research conclusions,in order to break the "intestinal blockage" curse,it is proposed that higher institutions should consciously strengthen the value mission,enhance the policy propaganda breadth,promote the internal reform of the organization and improve the cultivation of innovative talents;the government needs to speed up the improvement of policy coordination mechanism,risk prevention and control mechanism,deepening the solid integration of technology and finance.Innovative mechanisms for incentives,performance assessment should be noticed.is also vital.Lastly,the society can speed up the construction of mixed ownership of new R&D institutions,promote the third-party evaluation of sci-tech achievements,and foster a new model of specialized services for technology transfer.The research results of the paper not only have important theoretical implications for enriching the research on the sci-tech achievements transmission,but also have a practical reference for the smooth implementation of the sci-tech achievements policy conduction in higher institutions. |
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