Study On The Problems In Using The Fund In China About Treating And Disposing Spent Fuel

With the large-scale development of nuclear energy in China,the number of spent fuel discharged from nuclear power plants is also increasing.As early as in the 1980 s,China has established a technical route for the “closed cycle” of nuclear fuel.In order to effectively promote the work of treating and disposing spent fuel,and provide adequate financial support for spent fuel transportation,off-pile storage and post-treatment,China has established a fund about treating and disposing spent fuel in 2010.The rational and effective use of the fund is an important guarantee for achieving the purpose of fund establishment.At present,the main problem faced by China’s fund about treating and disposing spent fuel is that it is difficult for fund income to cope with the demand for fund about treating and disposing spent fuel in the future.The budget execution rate of fund expenditure is too low,the proportion of income and expenditure is seriously unbalanced,and the fund is in use.There is a problem with opacity.The causes of the problems in using the fund can be attributed to the following points: first,the fund’s raising channels are single;second,the fund’s expenditure budgeting basis is not sufficient;third,The fund’s usage performance is too low;fourth,The fund’s supervision system is not perfect.The fund’s single channel is mainly reflected in the fact that the fund’s collection target is relatively simple.Only relying on the nuclear power plant to pay the fund can not meet the demand for the fund in the future,and the actual network sales power of the nuclear power plant is used as the basis for the fund’s collection,thus leading to the amount of fund’s income is in an unstable state.The implementation of the fund expenditure budget rate is too low,in addition to the insufficient implementation of budget expenditures,mainly due to problems in budget preparation,including the unreasonable normative basis of budget preparation and insufficient practical basis for budget preparation.The phenomenon of too low performance of fund use can be explained as: the limitation of technical conditions leads to the limited workload about treating and disposing spent fuel.The fund supervision system mainly includes internal supervision of fund use and public supervision,and each of these two types of supervision has its own shortcomings,which leads to opaque use of the fund.In addition to the above reasons,there are some deep-seated factors that may indirectly affect the use of the fund.First,the fund management model,different fund management models have different advantages and disadvantages.At present,the fund management model of China has certain defects,resulting in low fund use efficiency;second,the main body of management about treating and disposing spent fuel,the current spent fuel matters are the responsibility of the government.According to the approval requirements of the fund projects,the post-processing plant construction project undertaker have to carry out the preliminary work to get the project approved,which results in the project undertaker has no money to carry out the preliminary work,on the other hand,most of the spent fuel fund stays idle in the national treasury;the third is the public’s recognition of the fund projects.The public’s disapproval of the fund projects is not only due to the avoidance effect,but also the unsatisfactory public communication work before implementing the projects;Fourth,how to maintain and increase the value of the fund.After the accurate analysis of the problems in using the fund,combined with some factors which can improve the use of fund,specific recommendations are made in a targeted manner.On the one hand,changing the existing collection mode of the fund is not only a reasonable change of the levy standard,but also an increase in the target of fund collection;on the other hand,it is to improve the utilization efficiency of the fund.Mainly by improving the budgeting of fund expenditures and increasing public acceptance of spent fuel reprocessing projects.In addition,improving the management mechanism of the fund is the basis for improving the use of the fund.By analyzing the management modes of foreign funds about treating spent fuel,we can change our management mode of the fund about treating and disposing spent fuel,and improve the efficiency of fund utilization.