A Research On The Evolution Of Marx Bourgeois Society Theory

Marx’s Bourgeois Society theory is an important category of thought in Marxist philosophy.It mainly comes from Hegel’s elaboration of civil society and the thought of Feuerbach’s uprising.On the basis of critically inheriting the Hegelian dialectics and Feuerbach’s materialist thought,Marx systematically expounded his Bourgeois society theory and became an important part of the historical materialism.The birth and improvement of Marx’s bourgeois society theory mainly experienced the following stages: The first stage: From the period of the "Rhine Newspaper",The emergence of a series of the issues related to material interests,such as the debate on the law of forest theft and the living conditions of peasants in Mosel,has caused that Marx doubts about Hegelian’sCountry view.Hegel regarded the state as a representative of common interests and bourgeois society as a representative of private interests.In order to avoid more conflicts between private interests,a universal community of interests-the stateneed to be built,which can maintain social stability,but the material interests broke the imagined beautiful.At this time Marx didn’t know how to solvethe difficulties between the bourgeois society and the state.The second stage: Under the guidance of Feuerbach’s the overthrow of subject and object thoughts,Marx has solved the fog of the relationship between bourgeois society and the state: the state don’t decide the bourgeois society,but the bourgeois society can decide the state.Then he started his research on the political philosophy and legal philosophy of bourgeois society.In the process,he was dissatisfied with Powell’s exposition on the issue of Jews.He criticized that Powell thinks the practical political issue about Jews as a theological issue and equates the emancipation of the political with the emancipation of religion.Marx concluded from Powell’s conclusion that political liberation has nothing to do with religion,and which is only the emancipation of somepeople.Political emancipation has left people trapped in capitalist fetishism,and most people are still in Enslaved state.Marx realized that the anatomy of bourgeois society should be sought in political economy.The third stage: the beginning of the anatomy of bourgeois society political economy.It was concluded that private property is the root of alienated labor and that the eradication of private property must be eliminated in order to gain human liberation.This arduous task of realizing communism fell on the proletariat who constituted the majority of bourgeois society.The realization of communism means the completion of bourgeois society’s transformation into human society.Anatomy of the political economy of bourgeois society promotes the formation of historical materialism,and bourgeois society is the basic component of historical materialism.Civil society emerged with the development of market economy,but it was not a peculiar product of capitalist society.There is the image of civil society in thesocial formation in which the market economy is fully present,including the socialist society.Therefore,In the course of the socialist modernization in our country,we should combine Marx’s theory of bourgeois society with the reality of China’s development so as to better promote the development of socialist politics,economy and culture and the construction of socialism in our country.