Traffic Congestion And Waste Commuting In Beijing

At present,China's major cities are entering a state of overall traffic congestion,especially the traffic congestion problem represented by"the first jam"in Beijing.The root of the traffic congestion problem is the contradiction between the huge traffic demand and the insufficient traffic supply brought by the land planning pattern,that is,the unreasonable distribution of urban spatial elements^[10].As an important component of urban structure,housing and employment are concerned by many scholars because of the imbalance of spatial distribution and the traffic problems caused by dislocation.The separation of residential and office areas results in commuting behavior.Commuting is an important part of modern urban transportation system,and the intensity of commuting is the city.When the commuting intensity reaches a certain level,the signs of running vitality will cause a series of urban problems such as traffic congestion,environmental pollution and so on,which will affect the sustainable development of the city.Commuting efficiency to a certain extent also indirectly reflects the economic vitality of the city.On the basis of contemporary urban structure,combined with land planning,wasteful commuting theory provides unique suggestions on how to improve urban commuting efficiency from the perspective of occupation and housing balance.Based on the wasteful commuting theory of foreign countries,this paper first describes the current traffic situation in Beijing from the aspects of population distribution scale,vehicle ownership,traffic supply and traffic congestion.It is found that the traffic situation in Beijing is in the"auto circle",and then the paper reviews the development of wasteful commuting theory abroad,and sums up the main factors influencing the calculation of wasteful commuting efficiency.On the premise of laying a good theoretical foundation,taking the spatial range of the six rings in Beijing as the empirical research area,and taking each residential district in the six rings as the divided sample unit,the longitude and latitude of the sample unit are obtained by using the internet worm.Coordinate as the basic data,Using the linear programming method combined with GIS to calculate the wasteful commuting in Beijing.The calculated results show that the theoretical minimum commuting distance and maximum commuting distance are 6.61 km and 23.43 km,and the wasteful commuting rate reaches 65.54%in 2015.The utilization rate of commuting capacity in the six rings of the city reaches 74.81%.Compared with domestic studies,In 20015,it is found that the theoretical minimum commuting distance is 6.61 km and the maximum commuting distance is 23.43 km,and the wasteful commuting rate is 65.54%.Whether from the perspective of urban commuting efficiency or work-occupancy balance,Traffic in Beijing is the worst.Further more,Compared with the optimal commuting distance to quantify the impact of traffic problems,The economic loss of extra commuting caused by the dislocation of living space accounts for14.46%of the total GDP in the whole year.Finally,combined with the travel characteristics of Beijing residents and the current situation of separation of occupation and residence,the paper puts forward some policy suggestions to alleviate traffic congestion.