Joseon Dynasty Costume Local System Under The Influence Of Chinese Rites Law Culture

The fundamental purpose of ancient Chinese “rites” was to try to create a hierarchical,orderly society.Since the beginning of human society,costume had a role in distinguishing people's social status.The costume rites was an important part of ancient Chinese ritual system.The ancient Chinese ritual system began since the Xia-ShangZhou Period,when the state governor ruled their countries by rite which was used to restrain people's behavior.In this period,the costume was included in the scope of the rite,and the costume ritual rules was made into one of the means to maintain the social hierarchy.Since the Han Dynasty,ritual law had been gradually enriched,and there had been laws and regulations that specifically stipulated the costume rituals,and detailed the costume worn by people with different social status.The ritual system during the Sui and Tang Dynasties was further developed and the ritual law was gradually codified.Owing to frequent trading with surrounding countries in this period as well as a huge impact in those countries,the ancient Chinese ritual system was unprecedentedly developed in the Tang Dynasty.From the time of Jizi Joseon,various governments on the Korean Peninsula were inextricably linked with China.During Emperor Hanwudi period,four Commanderies of Han were established in Joseon.During the Tang Dynasty,Silla became the vassal of the Tang Dynasty,which learned from the ancient Chinese advanced systems and ideological and cultural essence.Since then,the Korean peninsula began to be influenced by Chinese ritual culture,and the costume ritual system of Tang was imitated.From Queen Seondeok period,Silla had begun to wear the Tang Dynasty's costume.With the change of Chinese Dynasties,the Goryeo Dynasty and the Joseon Dynasty on the Korean Peninsula successively became the affiliate countries of China in YuanMing-Qing Period.During the Goryeo period,King Chungryeol began to practice the rituals and customs of the Yuan Dynasty,which greatly changed the daily wear and hair styles of people.Until the establishment of the Ming Dynasty,and the reign of King Gongmin at the late Goryeo period began to request costume,the reign of King Xinwu began to abide for the roles of Ming Dynasty.The formulation of the ritual system of the Joseon Dynasty inherited the rules of the Goryeo Dynasty and obeyed the rules of Ming Dynasty.The costume of the kings and their sons followed the costume ritual system of the Ming Dynasty,and were given by the Ming emperors.As the ruler of the affiliate country of the Ming Dynasty,kings of Joseon Dynasty had different costume from kings of the Ming Dynasty in terms of the number of tassels on the crown,the number of patterns on the robes and accessory details.The costume ritual system of the Joseon Dynasty for its officials learned from Ming's Code of Hongwu Li Zhi,in which the number of rails in rail crown and pattern of badge on the robes were learned from to make a differentiation in ratings and titles.In respect of the costume bans,the prohibitions of Code of Gyeongguk and the color bans and luxury bans imposed by the kings,placing strict restrictions on colors of clothes and hats worn by people ranging from ministers to folks.In terms of luxury bans and rites,there was a rigorous division who are allowed to use precious metals,gems,accessories,silks,satins and other expensive fabrics.Even the mount of costume was stipulated as well.The Joseon Dynasty had one of the strictest social hierarchies.Under this background,the social status can be distinguished by costume ritual system of Joseon Dynasty.On the one hand,it maintained diplomatic relationship between the Ming Dynasty and the Joseon Dynasty;on the other hand,it kept the social hierarchies of the Joseon Dynasty.The costume rites of Joseon Dynasty abided for the rules of rites and criminal law.The standard was specified in detail in ritual system,and the penalties were also prescribed in the criminal law.The costume of Joseon Dynasty was deeply influenced by that of the Ming Dynasty.After the establishment of the Qing Dynasty,the Joseon Dynasty still retained the characteristics of the Ming system in its costume ritual system.The evolution and influence of Chinese costume ritual system are represented and the history of the development of the costume system in the Korean peninsula are summarized through historical analysis method in this essay.It's based on detailed comparisons between the costume of kings in the Joseon Dynasty and the Ming Dynasty.The prohibitions in the Code of Gyeongguk and costume bans in the annals of Joseon Dynasty are also collected,organized and analyzed through literature analysis method in this paper.Based on costume ritual system and the costume bans of the Joseon Dynasty,the ancestral relationship between the Ming Dynasty and the Joseon Dynasty is maintained,and the strict internal social hierarchy of the Joseon Dynasty is also kept.It is concluded that the Joseon Dynasty's costume system which had characteristics of distinguishing social status,abided for the rules of rites and criminal law of Ming Dynasty under great influence of Chinese ritual culture.