A New Probe Into The Relationship Between Ming And The Mongolian Tumote During The Jialong Period

During the Jialong period,the periodical changes in the relationship between Ming and the Mongolian Ada Khan Tumert reflected the dynamic changes in the political direction,economic strength,and military situation of the Ming and Tumert during this period.The relationship between the two can be divided into five stages.In the first stage,when Tadap had not actually controlled the right wing of Mongolia,Tadak Khan followed his elder brother and accumulated his military merits and political prestige by continuously conducting wars against other Mongolian tribes as the main target and the secondary target.Its economic problems were alleviated to some extent through warfare,which can be regarded as the initial stage of relations with the Ming Dynasty.In the second phase of the death of Ji Sang,Mark Tahan actually controlled Mongolia's right wing,Mark Tahan wanted to solve the increasingly prominent economic problem by replacing the high-cost war with the Ming Hegong part.The method adopted was a combination of deterrence by force and the method of sending envoys to peace talks.However,the narrow ethnic outlook of the Ming ruler and the festering of the Ming side made it impossible for the two sides to reach peace talks.The third stage is the occasional extreme event "change of Gengyu" and a brief mutual exchange under the deterrence of force.The rapid closure of the mutual exchange reflects that the time for peace talks between the Ming and the right wing is not yet mature.The fourth stage is the Tumote Department under the influence of the White Lotus.Due to the establishment of Ban Sheng,the food problem has been greatly alleviated.Gaining the advantage of the military situation has further fostered the ambition of re-entering the Central Plains.So Ming waged a war with the right wing headed by Tumote for nearly two decades.In the fifth stage,since Long Qing's succession,effective measures such as the reuse of talents and the improvement of frontier defense have made the situation a new one.The comparison between the political and military forces of Ming and Tatar Khan reached a relative balance again.The large amount of financial expenditure made Ming want to end the situation of right-wing melee with Mongolia headed by the Tumote Ministry,and properly resolved theHanaji incident to the opportunity for reconciliation between the two sides.Right-wing relations are moving towards relative peace.