Research On Mass Education In Anhui Province (1927-1937)

At the end of the 19 th century and the beginning of the 20 th century,China was in a period of great social change,with the change of political power and social turmoil,and the people living in hardship.In this context,mass education gradually emerged.After the establishment of the Nanjing national government,it was officially recognized by the government and issued relevant laws to be implemented nationwide.Anhui,as a big province of education in history,has always attached great importance to education.As early as in the early republic of China set up popular lecture and popular education library,which is the early practice of mass education.However,due to the size and geographical limitations,many educational undertakings can not be carried out.A decree in 1930,the Ministry of Education,change the popular education to public education center,3 provincial public education center and will be erected and scale expansion,and accordingly set up a book,speech,and science,the promotion department,to health,patriotic education,livelihood as the core business,part of the county public education center and positive response.In addition,the people's school is set up as a cultural institution of people's education to carry out cultural and educational undertakings centered on literacy and tutoring of people who are out of school.It is complementary with people's education centers at all levels and has become the two core institutions of people's education in Anhui province to jointly promote the progress and development of people's education.In 1937,the Anti-Japanese War broke out,the public education center and public schools were affected by the war,and most of them were closed.From 1927 to 1937,it was the "golden decade" for the construction of Nanjing national government and the opportunity period for the development of mass education in Anhui province.During this period,the mass education carried out in Anhui province achieved considerable results,which to some extent improved the cultural level of the Anhui people,changed the feudal habits in rural areas of Anhui,and guided the farmers in economic construction.But at the same time,there are some defects and deficiencies,because of the imperfect management system of teaching institutions,coupled with the shortage of public education funds,the development of public education is limited.This also provides valuable experience and lesson for Anhui province to implement other education.