Study On The Carving Modelings On The Grotto's Top Of Yungang Grottoes

Yungang grottoes were excavated by the royal family of the Northern Wei Dynasty,representing the highest level of art in the world in the fifth century AD.In the construction process of more than 70 years,we have tried many kinds of grottoes successively: dome top,plane horseshoe-shaped grottoes,square roof square grottoes," Lu " zigzag front and as well as double grotto combination,three grottoes combination and so on.The basic trend is increasingly complex and normative.As an important part of all kinds of grottoes,cave top carving also changes many ends,basically showing a trend of gradual enrichment and maturity.In the process of carving,the craftsmen of the Northern Wei Dynasty did not copy the architectural shapes of the Indian or Shedra Buddhism,but according to the cave shape and Mahayana Buddhism The concept of space in the universe,reasonable design of different carving modeling,and with the cave wall of the main body of Buddhist carving echo,showing the complete Buddha solemn scene and Temple of Heaven Buddha artistic modeling.The research object of this paper is the existing 60 grottoes in Yungang Grottoes.Firstly,it is sorted out,classifies them in typology,finds out their evolution law;secondly,makes a study on the carving patterns of the grottoes,probes into the origin and connotation of the different shapes on the top of different grottoes,and analyzes their symbolic significance of their existence on the top of the grottoes;thirdly,makes a trace to the different grottoes,analyzes the origin of the grottoes in Yungang and the influence on the later creation of the grottoes.In the third stage of the development of Yungang Grottoes,the relation between different stages and other periods and other types of caves is analyzed.And mutual influence,finally find out the law of the development of the roof of Yungang grottoes,and study how to express the Buddhist world this ideological connotation.