| The filial piety of the officials in Han dynasties was of great significance to the implementation of filial piety,the promotion of customs and social stability.The academic research mainly focuses on the way,characteristics and typical cases of filial piety.So far,the meticulous sorting out and overall investigation of the relevant historical materials is still relatively weak.From the earlier four history works,203 officials with filial piety were sorted out,and using statistical analysis and other methods to investigate social relation,regional distribution and its impact.The objectives of filial piety of officials in the Han Dynasty includes blood relatives such as ancestors,parents and elders,as well as teachers and monarchs.There are many ways of practicing filial piety,such as " Care for the elderly "," Funeral ceremony ","holding memorial ceremony",and "following ancestors’ aspiration".Comparing with common population,the Han Officials attach more importance to etiquette.And due to their multiple identities,they had more problems in filial piety.In Han dynasty,the influencing factors of the official’s filial piety included the family relationship,the teacher-student relationship and the friend relationship played a direct role.With parents and elders’ instructions,words and deeds,filial piety and morality education runs through many aspects in the Han dynasty from life etiquette,calligraphy practice,Confucianism education to family tradition and so on.The relationship between teachers and students mainly influences the ideology and behavior of officials through the study and inheritance of daily etiquette and Confucian classics,as well as the connection of political interests.The communication norms and the culture of the communication group play an important role in encouraging,urging,helping and strengthening the official’s filial piety,however,the participants are independent,with little binding force on individuals.The politics,economy,culture and customs of different regions also influenced the filial piety practice of officials.The more developed the politics and economy,the more prosperous the Confucian culture,and the stronger the atmosphere of respecting the old,the greater the number of officials with outstanding filial piety.The examination system,the rulers’ advocacy of filial piety,and the spread of Confucianism undoubtedly contributed to the general increase in the number of officials practicing filial piety in Han dynasties.The changes in the concentration of filial officials mainly referred to the changes in the locations of the capital and the emperor’s township when the rapid growth of the number of filial officials in Jiangnan had something to do with its economic development.In a word,the practice of filial piety in Han dynasty had a certain influence on personal career,the social customs at that time and the inheritance of filial piety culture in later generations.In addition,it has the referential significance to the modern civil servant election,the appraisal as well as the construction harmonious society. |
