Negative Effects Of Social Exclusion On Different Self-Construal

Social exclusion is a phenomenon and process that damages the individual's need of belonging and relationship and poses a great threat to people's lives.Past studies have shown that social exclusion leads to an increase in negative emotions,threats to basic needs and aggressive reaction,and the extent of these reaction is influenced by environmental and individual characteristic factors.As an individual characteristic factor,the type of self-construal plays a certain role in the reactions of excluded.The type of self-construal affects individuals' cognitive style and behavioral reactions to events.The people of independent self-construal regard themselves as independent individuals that are not related to the surrounding environment,while the people of interdependent selfconstrual place themselves in the social system for cognition and judgment.The negative effects of social exclusion on the two are different,and they exhibit negative behaviors of different intensities.With the process of world diversification and globalization,the existence of these two types of individuals in China is more obvious,coupled with the increasingly complex interaction and communication between people,making social exclusion inevitable.Therefore,the current study aims to explore the degree of negative effects of social exclusion on people of different self-construal within the scope of Chinese culture by taking Chinese student groups as research objects.The first study focuses on the negative effects of social exclusion on people of different self-construal at the psychological level,which includes negative emotions and a sense of threat of basic needs.Research selected 124 students in a given area of northwest,throwing the Cyberball paradigm to manipulate social exclusion,the results show that individuals under the condition of exclusion experience more negative emotions and a sense of threat to their basic needs than under the condition of acceptance,and under the condition of exclusion,the negative emotions and the sense of threat of basic needs of the independent people were significantly higher than that of the interdependent people.This suggests that social exclusion has more negative psychological effects on people of independent self-construal than on people of interdependent self-construal.The second study focuses on the negative effects of social exclusion on the behavior of different self-construal.The behavioral response is measured by the dependent variables of aggressive intention and aggressive behavior intensity.In sub-study one,128 students from a certain area in northwest China were selected to manipulate the subjects' sense of social exclusion through Cyberball,and the intensity of the subjects' aggressive intention was measured using the paradigm of “laboratory assistant application”.The results showed that,compared with the acceptance condition,the individuals under the exclusion condition had stronger aggressive intention,and under the exclusion condition,the intensity of aggressive intention of the independent people was significantly higher than that of the interdependent people.In sub-study two,121 students in a certain area in northwest China were screened,and social exclusion was manipulated in the same way as experiment 1 and 2,and the intensity of aggressive behavior was measured by the “Hot Sauce” paradigm.The results showed that individuals in the exclusion condition had stronger aggressive behavior than those in the acceptance condition,and the intensity of aggressive behavior of independent people was significantly higher than that of interdependent people in the exclusion condition.This indicates that compared with interdependent people,social exclusion has more negative effects on the behavioral of independent people,which is manifested as that the people of independent self-construal have stronger aggressive intention and behavior reaction after social exclusion than the people of interdependent self-construal.The current findings suggest that the negative effects of social exclusion on individuals are influenced by their type of self-construal.Specifically,social exclusion has more negative psychological and behavioral effects on the people of independent selfconstrual than on the people of interdependent self-construal.