A Study On The Formation Of Shanxi’s Working Class In The Early 20th Century

The study on the formation of the working class in Shanxi in the early 20 th century has not received much attention from the academic circle for a long time.The working class in Shanxi has been included in the working class in North China for research and analysis.The academic circle’s understanding of the formation of the working class in Shanxi has long been trapped in a fixed mode of thinking: low political status,economic exploitation by capitalists.under the enlightenment and instruction of the CPC Shanxi party organization,the class consciousness has increased,the awareness of resistance and struggle has increased,strikes have begun,the shift from the free class to the self-employed class has been completed,and under the mobilization and organization of the backbone of the labor movement and the CPC Shanxi party organization,the party has risen to fight against and form an alliance with the peasant class in Shanxi region,becoming the leading class of the democratic revolution in Shanxi region.Although this understanding is in line with historical facts,it masks the complexity of the formation process of the working class in Shanxi and the rivalry of the workers themselves.Under this understanding,the working class in Shanxi only shows a kind of politicization that has become the leading class under the influence of the CPC Shanxi Party organization,while the rich image of characters and the depoliticized side displayed by the working class in Shanxi are artificially ignored in the mixed social thoughts.In order to explore the formation of the working class in Shanxi in the early 20 th century,on the basis of clarifying its historical context,centering on the independent initiative of Shanxi’s workers,and under the research vision of "new labor history" and "new revolutionary history",we should sort out the reasons and processes why Shanxi’s workers accepted Marxism and used it as a weapon to transform society,the formation process of Shanxi’s working class and the important influence of the early Shanxi local party organization in the formation process of Shanxi’s working class,and fully understand the complexity and diversity in the formation process of Shanxi’s working class.Factory is the premise and foundation for the birth of workers.The first part focuses on the emergence of Shanxi workers in modern times.Through combing the rise and development of Shanxi industry in modern times,we can understand the background of the emergence of Shanxi workers.It is found that Shanxi workers atthe beginning of the 20 th century were mainly composed of bankrupt peasants and handicraftsmen.Under the condition that the original social relations and social strata were broken,the local human feelings,blood ties,technology and other factors made them regroup and construct a "new social form",which laid the foundation for collective actions such as strikes afterwards.For Shanxi workers who entered the factory for the first time,the harsh production environment,the sinister factory politics,the harsh factory system and the salary without any guarantee pushed them to form a community based on their living needs,providing opportunities and space for the unity and mobilization of revolutionaries.From the day when they were born,Shanxi workers endured the exploitation and oppression of capitalists and factory owners,which forced the workers to fight against them spontaneously.After the May 4th Movement,anarchism and other social trends competed with communism for almost the same group of potential followers.In the end,Marxism opened the hearts of Shanxi workers.Therefore,the second part takes the Shanxi workers’ struggle movement as the research object,and analyzes how Shanxi workers launched the struggle movement under the influence of Marxism,and then the Shanxi workers’ movement gradually rose under the mobilization and leadership of the early communists in Shanxi."Shaping" Shanxi Workers is an Important Practice of CPC Shanxi Party Organization.The third part revolves around the "shaping" of Shanxi workers by the CPC Shanxi Party organization.It inspires the class consciousness of Shanxi workers through the establishment of "Jinhua Book Company",the establishment of "Civilian Primary School" and "Workers’ Night School".Later,it set off the climax of Shanxi workers’ movement by forming a group of Shanxi trade union organizations such as Shanxi Workers’ Federation and holding strike activities.The establishment of Shanxi’s trade union organization,the emergence of the CPC Shanxi Party organization representing the interests of the working class,and the shift of Shanxi’s workers from scattered economic struggles to unified political actions symbolize the final formation of Shanxi’s working class,and at the same time reflect the characteristics of the blending of tradition and modernity in its "class consciousness" and the limitations of its degree of organization and political pursuit.