Research On State Theory From The Perspective Of Marx’s Historical Materialism

Unlike the ideas of Marxist classic writers such as Engels and Lenin,Marx’s thinking on the state theory does not present a systematic theoretical construction like the former,but is fragmented in various texts,reflecting the characteristics of staged thinking.From the perspective of Marx’s development of state theory,it reflects the characteristics closely related to the process of foundation,establishment and development of historical materialism.To this end,this article takes the formation and development of historical materialism as a logical clue,and elaborates Marx’s theoretical form of the country in the foundation,establishment and maturity periods of historical materialism in three parts.The first chapter of this article mainly discusses the foundation of Marx’s historical materialism and the results of preliminary research on the state theory during this period.From October 1842 to March 1843,Marx served as the editor of the "Rheinische Zeitung" and faced the "material problem" When he was puzzled,he began to question the rational state demonstrated by Hegel.In the spring of 1845,Marx’s "Theses on Feuerbach" put forward the "practice" view was the foundation period of Marx’s historical materialism.During this period,Marx’s preliminary research results on the state are reflected in: realizing that private property is the foundation of the state and rights;clarifying the relationship between civil society and the state;and proposing that democracy is a political system superior to the monarchy.The second chapter discusses the establishment of Marx’s historical materialism and the deepening of national understanding during this period.In the "the German ideology",Marx and Engels made a preliminary elaboration on the basic principles of historical materialism,and deeply discussed the premise of human history,division of labor and social interaction,civil society,and social existence and social consciousness.Reflected in the theory of thinking about the state,Marx’s concerns during this period focused on the nature of the state,the impact of ideology on the state,and the relationship between ownership and the state.The third chapter mainly discusses the mature period of Marx’s historical materialism and the major breakthroughs of Marx’s state theory in this period.With the further development of Marx’s historical materialism,he further deepened his understanding of classes and the state.On this basis,Marx made a major breakthrough in the theory of the state by studying the class struggle and criticizing some of the wrong state theories at the time.The theory of the dictatorship of the proletariat and the demise of the state.Through the exposition of Marx’s historical materialism in its foundation,establishment,and maturity periods,and the progress of Marx’s understanding of the state in each period,Marx’s theory of the state appears critical,scientific,and staged.Marx’s theory of the state has important practical value,and it is of great significance for upholding and consolidating the guiding position of Marxism in the ideological field and realizing the modernization of national governance system and capacity.