The Imperial Examination System(Huishi)with Classified Papers Played An Important Role In Decline Of Taigestyle In The Ming Dynasty

The capital Examination System(Huishi)with classified papers implementing in Xuande 2nd,changed the geographical distribution of scholars(Jin-Shi)and promoted the establishment of the Confucianism education inspector,which played an important role in the decline of Taige-style literature in the Ming Dynasty.Before the implementation of that,the Imperial Examination of Jiangxi in the Ming Dynasty was far ahead of other provinces in the country for more than 20 years.Based on the academic traditions of "Ming Dao" and "Zong Jing" and strong regional consciousness,a large number of scholars of Jiangxi,led by Yang Shi-Qi,Liang Qian and others,formed a group of writers with a unified literary concept and writing style.This group inherited the elegant and the positive literary tradition represented by writers such as Liu Ji and other pavilions in East Zhejiang during the Hongwu period,and moved the poem style of "grace and elegance" and the theme of “praising emperors and the dynasty” from the occasion of the under-ordered composing to the non-ordered composing.On the occasion,they tried to spread and imitate the poetic style of " simple and natural" and " calm and gentle" represented by local writers such as Tao Yuan-Ming and Ouyang Xiu,thus forming the School of Taige that has ruled the Ming literary world for at least half a century in the history of literature.The first chapter of this article focuses on the analysis and presentation of the large number of Jiangxi scholars who participated in the creation and promotion of the School of Taige literature during the Jianwen and Yongle periods.From literary and academic exchanges with cabinet ministers of the same village during the period of learning in the Wen Yuan Ge,to poetry exchanges with Hanlin writers of the same village during the period of holding office in the imperial academy,to participating poem gatherings in capital led by Hanlin writers of the same village,and finally to the chief examiner of the capital examination and the teaching officers of the Hanlin Bachelors control literary style,the group of scholars of Jiangxi gradually condensed from a loose community into a close literary genre.In the process of absorbing many non-Jiangxi scholars to participate in the creation,they also removed Taige literature from the imperial academy to the capital and other provinces.With this in mind,we can explore the capital Examination System with classified papers on the decline of Taige literature.After the implementation of that,the number of Jiangxi Jinshi gradually decreased,and the proportion of jinshi in several provinces became more balanced.The Geographical Origin of the newly-added Hanlin writers are no longer concentrated in Jiangxi province,and Taige literature was destined to decline.From the middle and late period of the Zhengtong,the Hanlin writers of Jiangxi who had passed the exam in Yongle left the Hanlin one after another,and the influx of writers from different regions made the style of the Hanlin literary form gradually diversified.During the period from Tianshun to Chenghua,the characteristics of the diversity of the source of the Hanlin writers became more obvious.The new Halin literature,represented by Li Dong-Yang,has partly deviated from the Taige literature represented by Yang Shi-Qi,as follows:(1)The newly added Hanlin writers emphasized the lyrical function of poetry,advocated that poetry should truly reflect the people’s life,and called on poetry to restore the functions of "irony" and “urge”.(2)The newly added Hanlin writers began to recognize the Reclusive literature,and tried to merge the taige style with the Reclusive literature style,and even put forward the poetic theory of "Literary excellence is achieved only after Hermit ".(3)The newly added Hanlin writers not only appreciate and create the style literature of unconstraint and magnificent,some writers had also shown a competitive mentality of “winning by means of a surprise attack”,so they pay more attention to forging characters and creating artistic conception.(4)In terms of the learning objects of writing the article,the newly-added Hanlin writers also appeared to explicitly adopt Zuo Zhuan as the learning object of composition method,and some writers also began to pay attention to the poetry in the late Tang and Yuan dynasties.In addition to affecting the geographical distribution of the newly-added Hanlin writers,the changes in the regional distribution of Jinshi caused by the implementation of that had also affected the organizational form of the Beijing Capital literati assembly.The Tun-nien Association and the fellow townsmen from Suzhou which had gradually replaced the fellow townsmen from Jiangxi Province had become the main form of the Civil-Official assembly,and this form of transformation has also contributed to the decline of Taige literature,because the sentimental tone of the Tun-nien Association Poetry and the leisurely and reclusive tone of the exchange between the fellow townsmen from Suzhou are significantly different from the Taige style of praising emperors and the dynasty.That is of great significance to the transformation of the literature style of Beijing.In addition to the changes in the geographical origin of the newly-added Hanlin writers and in the organization form of the assembly in the Beijing,the second chapter of this article also discusses the impact of the capital Examination System with classified papers on the development of Taige literature from the perspective of the development of local literary communities.Derating admission is an important part of the new system,especially for the Nanjuan region.The implementation of the new system not only increases the number of permanent Stranded pupils,but also prolongs the time for preparing the exams.Therefore,it promoted the rise of local literary communities.Due to their different identities and experiences,most members of these local literary communities are not interested in the Taige literature,and it is easier to form a new poetic style that is different from or even opposed to Taige literature.Therefore,from the perspective of the development of local literature,the new system also contributed to the decline of Taige literature.In addition to influencing the development of Taige literature in the Ming Dynasty by changing the regional distribution of scholars,the implementation of the capital Examination System with classified papers also contributed to the establishment of the Confucianism education inspector system.The third chapter of this article mainly analyzes the relationship between the implementation of the capital Examination System with classified papers and the establishment of the Confucianism education inspector system,and demonstrates that the establishment of the Confucianism education inspector system contributed to the complete decline of Taige literature.In general,in the “Zhengtong” period,although the Confucianism education inspector system did not significantly damage the development of Taige literature,it has already opened up a way to obtain the power of literature to obtain the right to speak in the official teaching system.When the Confucianism education inspector system was reestablished in 1440,and the selection of key members of the court was no longer under the control of the core members of Taige genre,the system immediately showed destructive power to the development of Taige literature.The specific performance is that Yangyiqing and writers of the Former Seven Giants School took the opportunity of supervising the school to spread the retro thought of literature and cultivated a group of vintage literature heirs,which raised a trend of retro thought of literature in the local area that runs counter to Taige literature.