Research On National Child Welfare Association Of China In The Period Of Comprehensive Anti-Japanese War(1937-1945)

On April 4,1928,Kong Xiangxi,Kuang Fuzhuo,Gao Fengchi and other people set up a non-governmental organization named National Child Welfare Association of China in Shanghai.It hopes to unite the strength of the country and society,promote the welfare of children,and achieve the goal of national rejuvenation and national prosperity.Its organization and management mode is flexible,institutionalized and scientific,and the source of funds is wide,but there are some problems,such as unstable sources of funds and unbalanced situation of revenues and expenditures.In order to fundamentally change the environment of childcare in China,National Child Welfare Association of China actively organized and participated in childcare at home and abroad,and carried out activities in relief,education,research,health,security and other aspects.This promoted the development of the cause of Child welfare,won the trust of the public,and made it become the leader of the cause of Child welfare in modern times.During the period of Comprehensive Anti-Japanese War,with the deepening of social crisis and the great changes of national policy,the work of National Child Welfare Association of China was also affected.In the face of such unfavorable situations as the difficulty of holding plenary meetings,insufficient funds,suspension of various plans,and loss of contact with some subsidiary organs,National Child Welfare Association of China has changed the way of organization operation,fund raising and focus of work.In terms of organization and operation,National Child Welfare Association of China changed the way of decision-making,moved its headquarters from Shanghai to Chongqing,recruited members and set up an executive committee,so that the administrative work could be carried out smoothly.At the same time,National Child Welfare Association of China establish cooperatives,subscribe to newspapers and magazines,and reward employees,through the above ways to appease and motivate employees in material and spiritual ways.In addition,National Child Welfare Association of China strengthened internal contacts through meetings and visits,and enhanced external cooperation through exchanges with the Government,various sectors of society at home and abroad,and social organizations,so as to provide stable organization and talent guarantee for the development of various work.In terms of raising funds for wartime,National Child Welfare Association of China raised funds in many ways.At the same time,National Child Welfare Association of China actively strives for the donations from the government and the society to keep the increasingly tense wartime funds in a relatively stable state,which lays an economic foundation for the development of various work.In terms of daily work,National Child Welfare Association of China adjusted its work focus according to the war environment and government policies.It takes the relief work as the first priority,actively rescues the battlefield children,relives the children,the disaster children and the poor children in the occupied areas,and protects the lives of children.Based on the education work,it continued to promote children's education and coordinated the work of various institutions.It set up new institutions for children,children's homes for soldiers of the AntiJapanese War,kindergartens and other kinds of institutions for education.It also insisted on subsidizing other institutions for education,promoted the orderly development of the original experimental work and the adoption work in the United States,and mobilized domestic and foreign forces to work together for the education cause.It is based on health care,attaches importance to medical treatment,advocates children's health,and sets up the first child and infant health care center to ensure children's health.While paying attention to children's life,spirit and health,National Child Welfare Association of China is still working hard in other pre-war child welfare work,such as security,publishing,children's day memorial.While responding to the government's call,it has also promoted other Child welfare.The response of National Child Welfare Association of China not only meets the needs of The Times and responds to the policies,but also adheres to its own beliefs and promotes the development of child welfare undertakings.Specifically,National Child Welfare Association of China responded to the government's call,saved children's lives in the war and trained talents for the country.It made soldiers not to worry about their children,expanded the propaganda of the War of Resistance,promoted the youth to join the army,and won international assistance.Moreover,under the goal of child welfare,it has promoted some of the welfare undertakings of children,popularized the knowledge of children's welfare,the concept of upbringing and the knowledge of health.According to the changes of the situation,National Child Welfare Association of China worked hard to make the child welfare in modern China,which had sprouted in the 1920 s,develop in the war.Unfortunately,due to the limitations of the wartime environment and the times,National Child Welfare Association of China was too dependent on the outside world in organization,funding and ideology,and did not become a social force independent of the state.Because the thought of children's welfare and the cause of children's welfare have not been widely popularized,the great cause of social construction has not been completed.We can understand the relationship between the state and the society by examining the history of National Child Welfare Association of China.Although the ideal of making the country rich and strong through children's welfare hasn't been realized,National Child Welfare Association of China has connected the power of the country and society and provided a dialogue platform for both sides.