A Study On The New Zealand And The Australia-New Zealand-United States Alliance(1951-1986)

After the end of World War II,the situation of two-level hegemony between the United States and the Soviet Union gradually formed.In view of the international situation at that time,Australia and New Zealand did not enjoy the protection of Britain and worried about their national security,so they turned to the powerful United States for asylum.The United States also wants to build a defense system in the Pacific region to fight against the Soviet Union and prevent the expansion of communism.On September1,1951,New Zealand signed the Australia-New Zealand-America Alliance Treaty with Australia and the United States in San Francisco,marking the official formation of the Australia-New Zealand-America Alliance.In the early 1950 s,New Zealand’s relations with the United States and Australia,members of the alliance,were further strengthened,showing a warming trend.However,after the mid-1950 s,New Zealand had policy differences with the United States and Australia and had estrangements and frictions in some international affairs.Then,considering various factors,New Zealand eased its relations with the United States and Australia after the mid-1960 s.Until the 1980 s,the development of the nuclear power of the United States and the Soviet Union posed a threat to the world,and the voice of international anti-nuclear gradually increased.New Zealand,considering the international situation at that time and the need to maintain its own security,withdrew from the Australia-New Zealand-America Alliance in the 1980 s.New Zealand’s foreign policy also changed during its accession to and withdrawal from the Australia-New Zealand-America Alliance.This paper consists of three parts: introduction,body and conclusion.The first part is the introduction part,which mainly introduces the purpose and significance of the research,the structure of the paper,the research methods and innovations,the research status at home and abroad,the original archives and other contents.The second part is the main body,which is divided into three chapters.The first chapter reviews the formation process of the Australia-New Zealand-America Alliance and discusses the relationship evolution between New Zealand and its allies in the1950s-1980 s.The relationship between New Zealand and the United States and Australia has experienced a trend of warming,estrangement and easing.The second chapter mainly discusses the process of New Zealand’s withdrawal from the Treaty of Australia-New Zealand-United States Alliance,and analyzes the reasons for the withdrawal and the impact on New Zealand.This chapter is mainly divided into three sections.The first section describes the process of the split between New Zealand and Australia-New Zealand-United States Alliance.It takes New Zealand’s refusal to allow U.S.nuclear warships to enter its ports as the fuse,which leads to a confrontation between the United States and New Zealand until the United States announces the suspension of defense cooperation with New Zealand,and then New Zealand withdraws from the alliance.The second section analyzes the reasons for New Zealand’s withdrawal from the alliance from three perspectives: the threat of nuclear weapons to New Zealand,the rise of the Labor Party and domestic public opinion.The third section focuses on the significant impact of the withdrawal of the alliance on New Zealand.The third chapter analyzes the changes of New Zealand’s foreign policy during the Australia-New Zealand-America Alliance,which is divided into three stages.First,New Zealand’s foreign policy of "double dependence" and its foreign policy of "following Britain" in the development of the Australia-New Zealand-United States Alliance.Finally,the foreign policy shows the characteristics of "going on independence",and the specific reasons are given it also explores and sums up.The conclusion part summarizes the particularity of the Australia-New Zealand-America Alliance,New Zealand’s role in the alliance and the changes of New Zealand’s foreign policy,and sublimates the main idea of the article.At the same time,it points out that any country that wants to seek development in the cold war period will take seeking alliance with other countries as the main means,however,if a small and remote country like New Zealand wants to play its role in the international arena,it should not only rely on big countries,but also pay attention to improving its foreign policy and strengthening national defense.