Research On Han Yu,Liu Zongyuan Quoting Literature From Pre-Qin Dynasty

The main purpose of this paper is to investigate Han Yu's and Liu Zongyuan's quotation and acceptance of pre-Qin literature,and the purpose of this investigation is to deeply understand Han Yu's and Liu Zongyuan's reading experiences and their ideological world from the perspectives of philology and ideological history.On the one hand,by comprehensively sorting out Liu Zongyuan's textual researches of identification of false researches on pre-Qin scholars' literature,we can further understand Liu Zongyuan's contribution and limitations for the false literature's identification history.On the other hand,by analyzing the quotation and evaluation of Han Yu and Liu Zongyuan on the pre-Qin scholars,we can compare the differences between Han Yu and Liu Zongyuan in the pursuit of idea and valu'e from the perspectives of philology and ideological history,which is helpful for us to re-understand Han Yu,Liu Zongyuan and the ancient literary movement in middle Tang Dynasty.On the basis of in-depth reading "Han Yu's anthology" and "Liu Zongyuan's anthology",as well as comprehensively sorting out and analysis of Han Yu's and Liu Zongyuan's quotation,acceptance and evaluation of the pre-Qin literature,this paper makes a more in-depth and detailed study of Han Yu's and Liu Zongyuan's quotation of the pre-Qin literature from the perspectives of philology and ideological history.This paper consists of two parts:the "introduction" and the "textual research and interpretation of Han's and Liu's anthologies quoting from pre-Qin literature".The first part is the introduction,which consists of three parts:Firstly,this paper briefly introduces the significance of this study and the current research situation at home and abroad.Secondly,according to Han Yu's and Liu Zongyuan's quotation and acceptance of the pre-Qin literature,this paper analyzes Han Yu's and Liu Zongyuan's thoughts.In middle Tang Dynasty,the country was not strong,Buddhism spread widely,and there were strong nationalism and cultural nationalism among the literati.Under the influence of this trend of thought,Han Yu often held a kind of Confucian-cultural departmentalism when he accepted and evaluated the literature and theories of the pre-Qin philosophers,which was not able to objectively evaluate and accept them.Liu Zongyuan's acceptance of the literature and theories of the pre-Qin scholars has a more prominent rational spirit,which is mainly reflected in two aspects:firstly,he objectively evaluated the documents and theories of the pre-Qin scholars,not blindly respected the Confucian School,he could raise reasonable questions and recognize the value of the non-Confucian School.Secondly,it is a rational way of accepting the literature of the pre-Qin scholars in the acceptance of the literature of the pre-Qin Dynasty,the appropriate development of textual research and false literature's identification.Lastly,this paper compares the differences between Han Yu's and Liu Zongyuan's thoughts from the perspectives of quoting and accepting the pre-Qin literature.The second part "textual research and interpretation of Han's and Liu's anthologies quoting from pre-Qin literature" is the main part of this paper.The textual research and interpretation mainly involve six aspects:The first part is to collect and sort out all the pre-Qin literature cited in "Hanyu's anthology" and "Liu Zongyuan anthology",and make statistical analysis on them.The research of citation is one of the traditional research fields of classical philology.This paper appropriately expands the scope of citation,including not only the original texts of the pre-Qin scholars directly quoted in the Han's and Liu's anthologies,but also the names of the pre-Qin schools and scholars mentioned in the Han's and Liu's anthologies.This method is helpful to investigate the acceptance attitude and ideological tendency of Han and Liu to the schools of pre-Qin.According to the order of the pre-Qin scholars from "A Brief Introduction to Chinese Literature and Art Records(Han Book)",this paper only moves the "Analects of Confucius" from "Six Arts" to the top of the Confucian four books.The articles that "The Records of Han Dynasty" did not record,such as "Guiguzi",they are listed in the "Book of Sui Dynasty,Record of Classic Works".Through statistics,it is found that there are 20 articles of pre-Qin literature cited in "Hanyu's anthology",and there are special articles on four pre-Qin books of the "Analects of Confucius","Xunzi","Banguanzi" and "Mozi".There are more quotations on five books of the "Analects of Confucius","Mencius","Xunzi","Laozi" and "Mozi",and less quotations and references on other books.In;'Hanyu's anthology,",only one person's name or school name was mentioned in eight books,"Tianzi","Liezi","Zouzi","Shenzi(??)","Shenzi(??)","Hanfeizi","Suzi","Zhangzi" and "Shizi".There are 19 articles of pre-Qin literature cited in "Liu Zongyuan's anthology".And there are seven pre-Qin books that had specialized articles:"the Analects of Confucius","Yanzi Chunqiu","Guanzi","Wenzi","Liezi","Waguanzi" and "Kangsangzi",and they are full of false literature's identification.In addition to the quotation of "Analects of Confucius","Mencius","Zhuangzi","Liezi" and"Mozi",Liu Zongyuan's quotation and discussion of other books are relatively balanced.From the statistical results,we can draw the following conclusions:firstly,Liu Zongyuan's study of the pre-Qin philosophers is deeper and wider than Han Yu's.Secondly,Han yu's thought is centered on Confucianism,while Liu Zongyuan took account of all schools.Thirdly,Han Yu mainly cited and evaluated the literature of the pre-Qin Dynasty to demonstrate and support his thought of Taoism,while Liu Zongyuan mainly focused on the identification of false literature.Secondly,in each section of the notes on the various books of the past dynasties catalog description,literature authenticity and other issues are reviewed,meanwhile sorting out Han's and Liu's cited literature of the pre-Qin scholars in the philological way.For example,in the section of the "Analects of Confucius","Chunqiu","The Book of Songs ",and "Analects of Confucius",the books' origins and authors of the books are discussed.In the sections of "Wenzi","Liezi",and "Bangguanzi",the paper discusses Liu Zongyuan's achievements and limitations in false literature's identification,and points out that there are some mistakes in the history of the false literature's identification due to blind faith of predecessors.Thirdly,this paper makes a dialectical analysis of the ideological contents of the books cited in the anthologies of Han and Liu,such as discussing the attribution of the schools of "Yanzi Chunqiu" in the section of "Yanzi Chunqiu";discussing the ideological differences among Han Feizi,Shenzi(??)and Shenzi(??)in the legalist school in the section of "Shenzi(??)";discussing the ideological origins of Legalist school,Confucianism and Taoism in the section of "Shenzi(??)".Fourly,this paper analyzes the acceptance attitude and value evaluation of Han and Liu.Fifthly,this paper makes a proper analysis of the problems concerning Han and Liu's thoughts:For example,in the section of "Mencius",the paper discusses the basic reason why Hanyu respected Mencius;in the section of "Xunzi",the paper puts forward Hanyu's ideological tendency of "Confucian fundamentalism" on the evaluation of Xunzi's"generally good but with small defects";in the two sections of "Guanzi" and "Shangjun",the paper puts forward the summary of "paradox of Guan and Shang" in combination with Hanyu's contradictory attitude on the evaluation of Guanzi and Shangjun.Sixthly,in the case of sufficient literature,this paper analyzes the reading histories of Han and Liu to the pre-Qin literature.For example,in the section of "Xunzi",this paper analyzes the sequence of Han Yu's reading of "Mencius","Yangzi Book" and "Xunzi";in the section of "Shaguanzi",this paper analyzes that Liu Zongyuan's reading time of"Shaguanzi" is later and the process of searching for books was not easy;in the section of"Zhuangzi",this paper analyzes that Liu Zongyuan,his father-in-law,his wife and his younger brother were all fond of reading "Zhuangzi",and the reason why Liu Zongyuan liked "Zhuangzi" and Taoism should be family's internal factors that affected each other.