The Research On Jade Left From Late Shang Dynasty Excavated From Xi Zhou Dynasty

Unlike fragile and replaceable pottery,broken and recasting copper,jade is easier to remain the same,and can be recognized even after restructuring.This has led scholars to often discover jade of an earlier style unearthed in later tombs when jade dating.Many noble tombs of the Zhou Dynasty,especially the large tombs excavated from Fenghao(丰镐),Zhouyuan(周原),Luoyi(洛邑)belonging to the Wangji(王畿)area and various kingdoms,have unearthed a considerable number of jades,many of which were earlier period jades.This paper mainly selects late Shang Dynasty jades unearthed from 17 groups of tomb remains including Zhangjiapo(张家坡)cemetery,Beiyao(北窑)cemetery and so on as the research objects,and focus on the identification and source of these jades.In addition,this paper also attempt to explore the role which these late Shang Dynasty jades play in the Xi Zhou period jade using tradition.The paper is mainly divided into the following six parts for writing.The preface briefly reviews the brief history of domestic jade research,introduces the research ideas and methods of this paper and explains the research objects and the scope of time and space.The first chapter briefly summarizes the excavation background of 17 groups of tomb remains.The second chapter mainly identifies the late Shang Dynasty jade from jades unearthed from 76 tombs through the three characteristics of "work,shape,and pattern".The identification process is elaborated in four categories:ornaments,ritual vessels,funeral jades,and daily necessities.This chapter is the first key point of this paper.The third chapter is a detailed investigation of the background of the late Shang Dynasty jades what have been identified in the second chapter,which lays the foundation for the later discussion of the role that these late Shang Dynasty jades play in the Xi Zhou Dynasty jade using tradition.The fourth chapter combines historical documents to discuss the main sources of the late Shang Dynasty jade.What’s more,combined with the investigation of the background of the late Shang Dynasty jade in chapter two,this chapter explore the role that these jades play in the Xi Zhou Dynasty especially the early period in moredetails.This chapter is the second emphasis of this paper.The conclusion summarizes the viewpoints of this paper and points out the deficiencies in various aspects.