On The Root Of "Evil" In Zhu Zi's Theory Of Human Nature

As a master of Neo-Confucianism in the Song Dynasties,Zhu Zi made a thorough exploration of human nature,especially the root of evil in human nature.A thorough study of Zhu Zi's theory of human nature is helpful to further explore the value of traditional Chinese theory of human nature,to face up to the existence of human nature's own evil,to further improve the factors of human nature's own evil,and to prevent the occurrence of evil acts.The thought of Zhu Zi on the evil of human nature was formed in the thought of the sages on the evil of human nature.Therefore,it is of vital importance to sort out the thoughts of the sages on evil in human nature and then discuss Zhu Zi's thoughts on evil in human nature.For the metaphysical basis of human evil in Zhu Zi's Neo-Confucianism,first of all,we should study the relationship between good and evil in human nature from the aspect of gas.How to define evil is an important prerequisite for understanding and manifestation of evil.How to define the metaphysical evil is relative to the metaphysical good,and exploring the metaphysical origin of evil is the fundamental basis of grasping the idea of human evil.Secondly,to analyze the metaphysical root of human evil is to describe the root cause of human evil.The root cause of the metaphysical evil is the description of the relationship between heavenly principles and gas in cosmic ontology.Gas strength and weakness are the direct cause of Zhu Zi's metaphysical evil.Finally,from the aspect of the expression of the physical evil of gas movement,it is the combination of the nature of destiny and temperament,which leads to the degeneration of the nature into temperament.This is due to the change of the principle of heaven and the movement of gases,which exist only but not move,and the pollution caused by the movement of gases.Zhu Zi's idea of evil in human nature can not be separated from the subject of human behavior,and the moral evil demonstrated by Zhu Zi is caused by the people's mind acting as a threat on the one hand,and the emotional neutrality on the other hand.This article not only starts from the aspect of gas,but also demonstrates from the aspect of nature of mind,which paves the way for the cultivation of the following self-cultivation theory.Therefore,the manifestation of moral evil demonstrated by Zhu Zi is not only inseparable from the whole of social relations,but also caused by people's own habits.However,whether it is the performance of social relations or the influence of habits,it is based on the individual's hearts and minds.Therefore,Zhu Zi's theory on how to evade evil human behavior should start from the heart,based on the mind and temperament,emphasizing respect as the dominant ability of the heart.On the cultivation of Zhu Zi's theory of human nature,on the one hand,it is necessary to seek knowledge from outside,on the other hand,it is also necessary to respect and cultivate the interior,so as to ensure the neutrality of temperament.In short,the analysis of Zhu Zi's theory of evil human nature and facing up to the existence of evil human nature play a vital role in the construction of personal self-cultivation theory and moral atmosphere.