Research On The Development And Contact Between Official And Public Press During The Qing Terminal New Deal

The period selected by this research is the New Deal period(1901-1911)in the late Qing dynasty,which is exactly the new and old transition period of Chinese society and the "golden decade" for the development of Chinese newspapers.The number of new newspapers added each year during this decade was far greater than before the New Deal or even during the period of the Republic of China(1912-1949).It was unexpected that the press as a whole under feudalism was more prosperous than that under democracy.At present,research on official newspapers in this period is less than public newspapers,The overall study of the living environment and developmental links between the official and civilian newspapers during this period is even less.Therefore,it is of great significance to study the official and civilian newspapers of this period.This study will select representative newspapers in the New Dealperiod in the late Qing dynasty,and focus on the government-run BEIYANG GUANBAO and the private run SHENBAO,supplemented by other representative newspapers.This study will run from three aspects:First of all,summarize the social development as well as official and public newspapers development during the Qing Terminal New Deal,tease out the developmental contact between the old traditional Chinese newspaper and the incoming modern western newspaper,and further demonstrates the complex relationship between official and public newspapers.Secondly,it demonstrates the communication and learning between the two types of newspapers in terms of capital,technology,talents and distribution.with the focus on the later official newspaper’s reference and learning from the public newspapers.Finally,discuss the relationship between this two kinds of newspapers from the ideological and political communication point of view.Base on the famous Zeng Guofan’s Family Letters,Tui Xiangzhai Diary,Weng Tonghe Diary,Wang Guowei Diary or letters,Zhang Gang Diary,Chuan Yinglou Diary and Hu Shi Diary and so on diary for materials,carding the readers involved statistics,analysis change of the reading habits,and the differences in newspapers choose,discusse on the interaction of the newspapers and scholars’ s thought transformation.Combined with the content of newspapers and the agenda-setting theory,analyzed therelationship between the content setting of the two newspapers and the politics of that time.This research shows that during the Qing Terminal New Deal,both official newspapers and public newspapers learned from each other and developed rapidly.They have played their due roles in national politics,economy,culture,diplomacy and other aspects,realized the modernization transformation of Chinese newspapers,and further led the transformation of China’s social ideology.They have made a significant contribution to the history of Chinese newspapers.