Study On The Aesthetic Thought Research Of “Experience Thing” In The Six Dynasties

The Six Dynasties is the awakening period of aesthetic consciousness.The consciousness of aesthetic awareness promoted the transformation of the concept of "Thing".The "Thing" gained the real aesthetic independence,and the thought of "Experience Thing" is well liked.Unfortunately,most scholars of later generations have negative and critical attitudes,such as "exquisite" and "an insignificant skill" and so on.The thought of "Experience Thing" are more in a state of shadow.Therefore,the author intends to make a detailed study of the aesthetic thought of "Experience Thing" in the Six Dynasties,make it further.From the perspective of category make it as a independent research object,and it is concerned with that how to experience thing and write thing in the Six Dynasties.Through a more comprehensive and objective analysis to dig out the connotation direction of "Experience Thing".it is that grasp the position in the history of Chinese aesthetics as a whole,and the influence of the aesthetic thought of "Experience Thing" in the Six Dynasties.The paper consists of five parts:The introduction mainly explains the reason of the research,the research present situation and methods of this paper.The first chapter is vertically analyzed the connotation of “Thing”,and make the aesthetic independence course of "Thing" as a clue.The "Thing" refer to natural scenery,animals,plants,utensils and so on.The "Thing" gained a fairly complete interpretation in the Six Dynasties.Starting with natural mountains and rivers,the concept of "Thing" in the Six Dynasties presented a significant change.From Bi De to aesthetics,from feel to experience,from attachment to independence,beyond purpose and utility,it is achieved the real aesthetic independence.The concept of any era is the product of the times.The transformation of the concept of "Thing" in the Six Dynasties originated from the mixture of Confucian,metaphysical andBuddhist pluralism,the influence of pluralistic ideology,seclusion,manor economy,individual consciousness of life,and the beautiful landscape south of the Yangtze River.These factors promoted the aesthetic independence of the concept of "Thing" in the Six Dynasties.The second chapter mainly explores the connotation of the aesthetic thought of "Experience Thing" in the Six Dynasties,focusing on "Experience".Firstly,from the analysis of the meaning,it points out the reason the "Experience".Then it explores specifically how to experience thing in the Six Dynasties.From the aesthetic subject,people know the beauty of thing through several aesthetic ways,such as view,taste and swimming;From the aesthetic subject,and from the aesthetic object,any object is composed of form and spirit."The argue between form and spirit" in the Six Dynasties period prompted "form and god" to become the focus of attention and provided a way of thinking.On the one hand,The literati pursued the idea of "Write in form and colour","Describe as far as possible" and "Resembling",paying attention to objective and realistic descriptions.The literary style of "Shape-worshiping" reflected the closeness to the thing in the Six Dynasties;on the other hand,the beauty of "objects" was not only in the form,but also in the spirit,Gu Kaizhi’s "Writing the spirit with the form" and "expressing the spirit";Xie He’s thought of "rhythmic vitality".From characters painting to landscape painting,Zong Bing’s thought of "Free mind" and Wang Sengqian’s theory of "beamed radiance " in calligraphy,the vigorous development of the style of "spirit-worshiping" is the real exploration of the essence of "thing" in the Six Dynasties."Shape-worshiping" or "spirit-worshiping" show that the literati used all to recognize thing and describe their true appearance,it is to explore their essence.The third chapter mainly studies the writers of how to write things.In the six dynasties,The writings is not quickly.The traditional writings of poetry and Sao,especially the Han Fu,providing artistic reserve for the writers of the Six Dynasties.During the Six Dynasties,all kinds of writing techniques were brilliant.The literati used a unique perspective ofappreciation,and supplemented by various sensory organs,such as vision and hearing,to perceive subtly and to depict pictures in an exhaustive manner in order to express their emotions.The literate devoted themselves to the study of literary forms and literary graces,in order to depict the magnificence of the thing.It explored various literary forms: the infiltration of poetry and Fu,the emergence of parallel prose;the formation of Yong Ming’s theory with sound and rhythm symbolizes people’s conscious pursuit of the beauty of sound and rhythm in literature,and the rising trend of duality reflects precise the aesthetic effect,with the emergence of modern-style poetry;the growing trend of rhetoric flourishing,and the formation of Yuan Jia’s dense,Yong Ming’s fresh Qingli and Liang Chen’s gorgeousness,it is different in different stages.Generally speaking,the literature of tends to be "beauty-worshiping" in the Six Dynasties.The fourth chapter mainly excavates the influence of the six dynasties"experience thing"aesthetics thought.The aesthetics thought of"Experience Thing" is not shine like the thought of "poetry out of affection"and "perceiving thing" on the later generations.It is more in a forgotten situation.Philosophically,until the Song Dynasty,Zhang Zai,Zhu Xi and so on had elaborated on "Experience Thing",which is a way that the subject to understand and grasp thing.Through the experience of the thing,to finally known in the world.In literature,there are only a few references to"Experience Thing" and few people inherit it.Only Zhu Bian,Chen Yizeng and Wang Fuzhi have discussed "Experience Thing".On the basis of Zhong Rong’s "Direct search",Zhu Bian’s transformation of "Experience Thing" is to abandon ago way,of making use of all to observe thing,it is that to gain aesthetic experience.In addition to vivid portraits,the “Experience Thing"should reflect the aesthetic experience of the subject,and discussed in combination with the specific literary creations of Du Fu,Su Shi etc.Chen Yizeng also elaborated his views on "experience thing " from the perspective of rhetoric,and his "seven methods of experience thing" exhausted the experience thing’s techniques.Although its classification is not scientific,butit is also a progress.In the Ming and Qing Dynasties,Wang Fuzhi mainly elaborated on the relationship between emotion and scenes.