The Effects Of Self-construction On Altruistic Behavior And Their Psychological Mechanism:

Altruistic behavior is an act that the individual voluntarily issues for the purpose of benefiting others and not seeking personal reward.It has positive significance for both the individual and the society.Interventions(altruistic and altruistic)from a third-party perspective are essentially such behaviors.However,the current third-party interventions mainly focus on punishment,and the research on compensation is still in the preliminary stage.The research on combining the two intervention methods needs further study.Self-construction is divided into an independent self and a dependent self,which differ in cognitive style and processing information.But they are not absolutely opposites,and they can exist in the same culture and the same individual at the same time.Some studies have found that dependent self-construction is more inclined to make altruistic behavior than independent self-construction.However,the current research rarely considers the uniqueness of self-construction,and comprehensively examines the influence of dominant self-construction and situational self-construction on altruistic behavior and its internal psychological mechanism.Therefore,this study intended to explore the influence of self-construction types under different states(trait self-construction and situational self-construction)on adolescent altruistic behavior and its mechanism from a third-party perspective.Based on relevant theories and empirical research,a mediation model with regulation was constructed:moral emotions(including anger and empathy)played a mediating role between self-construction and adolescent altruism,and the first half and the middle segment of the intermediary role were regulated by the social comparison direction.In view of the above problems,this study carried out two researches.It used questionnaire method and behavioral experiment method,taking college students as the research subjects.This study explored the influence of self-construction on the altruistic behavior of college students from the perspective of third-party justice and its internal psychological mechanism.The first study was a questionnaire survey,which conducted a questionnaire survey on the self-construction of 545 college students in Wuhan,and recorded the emotional response and intervention methods of the participants in the situational experimental paradigm.The study found that under the unfair distribution situation,the participants preferred to use compensation behavior to intervene.By analyzing the amount of punishment and compensation of the participants,we also found that whether it is compensation or compensation,the third party would rather sacrifice self-interest and achieve fairness between the parties.Data analysis further found that third-party trait self-construction not only directly predicted altruistic behavior(compensation and punishment),but also indirectly affected altruistic behavior through the role of moral emotions(anger and empathy).From the results of the study,moral emotions play a mediating role in trait self-construction and altruistic behavior.Self-construction is a unique self-variable.Individuals can initiate or activate their situational self-construction through a specific situation,so that they can acquire cognition,emotion and motivation similar to the dominant self-construction.The purpose of Study 2 was to explore whether contextual self-construction has the same effect as the impact of trait self-construction on altruistic behavior,and further explored when such an effect is strong and weak.In the second study,a behavioral experiment was used to recruit 69 college students to participate in the experiment.The self-construction and social comparison direction of the subjects were manipulated,and the subjects were asked to conduct emotional responses and intervention records for unfair distribution events in different experimental situations.The study found that different situational self-construction has different effects on altruistic behavior,and also verified the intermediation of moral emotions between the two.The study further found that different social comparison tendencies make self-construction have different effects on altruistic behaviors and emotions,and there are also significant differences in the mediating role of emotions in self-construction and altruistic behavior.Finally,the theoretical and practical value of this research was expounded,and based on the shortcomings of this research,the possible research directions in the future were proposed.