Discussion On "National Form" During The Anti-japanese War And The Construction Of Liberated Areas Literature

The discussion of "national form" in the literary and artistic circles during the Anti-Japanese War has a history of nearly eighty years.The results of the discussion have already been internalized into the writing thinking of literary and artistic creators and put into literary works.When we reflect on the national form of literature and review the history of Chinese literature nationalization since the twentieth century,we have to mention the brilliant achievements of liberated area literature in nationalization after1942.Of course,the creation of the national form of literature in the liberated areas must be attributed to the positive political environment and special cultural context of the liberated areas,and to the conscious exploration and practice of literature and art by the writers in the liberated areas.However,it is necessary to mention the "national form" literary and artistic movement launched in almost the whole country from 1939 to 1942.This momentous literary and artistic discussion is an important event in the field of literary creation and criticism in the Liberated Areas when the discourse of Chinese style,Chinese style,nationalization or national style entered the liberated areas.It implements the discourse and literary pursuit of "national form" into the artistic thinking,creative practice and literary criticism of writers in liberated areas,deeply inspires and understands the literary creation in liberated areas,and plays a constructive role in the popularization and nationalization of literary characteristics in the base areas.Four articles on "national form" for the first time in literature and art were published on the New China Daily,which had just been reorganized as the central organ of the Party.They marked the potential participation of the Party and government forces when the literature of liberated areas first touched on the issue of "national form".When constructing the content of literature in liberated areas,the discussants of "national form" still follow the Ideological Program of "Three People's Principles" and "New Democracy" advocated by the Communist Party of China before and after the War of Resistance.Even on the issue of "central source",the literature in liberated areas conforms to the people-oriented artistic concept of "national form" in the Speech.This shows that the discussion of "national form" can play a constructive role in the literature of liberated areas,first of all,reflected in the participation and guidance of Party andgovernment forces.Secondly,under the influence of the discussion of "national form",the writers in the liberated areas no longer hesitate to deal with the "old form" problem because of the "form" theory,but jump out of the form circle,regard it as the historical opportunity to transform the masses and the characteristics of traditional national culture,and re-construct the perspective of the problem.On the issue of "westernization" of new literature since the May 4th Movement,the writers in liberated areas,influenced by the discussion of "national form",began to regard new literature as one of the traditions that could be used for reference in the creation of literature in liberated areas.They could selectively look at the "Europeanization" of new literary language,explore the "national form" of new literature in art,and gradually identify with the national liberation of new literature.The historical value in the sense aims at realizing the profound connection between the literature in the liberated areas and the new literature since the May 4th Movement.Although the solutions to the problems of "old form" and "new literature" were discussed before the discussion of "national form",they have not been corrected.The fundamental reason is that they are not aware of the source of the problem and can not be treated correctly and become superficial.After this discussion,writers' ideas of literary and artistic creation in liberated areas have changed.The problems of old forms and new literature have entered the category of "national forms".They have changed from formal issues to broader and open historical perspectives to realize the construction of literature in liberated areas at the literary and artistic level.In addition,the construction of literary and artistic level also shows that the participants in the discussion of "national form" have the same presupposition on the form and content,class nature,nationality and world nature of literature in the liberated areas,and also include the literary and artistic critics who criticize the nationalization achievements of literature in the liberated areas in terms of "national form".The liberated area literature has undergone great changes in language,form and content in the later period,and has achieved nationalization in its creation.For example,Ding Ling's use of dialect and local language can be changed by integrating regional characteristics with people's feelings and internalizing the use of dialect and local language.Literary content can analyze the class of traditional feudal rural society and write about the struggle of the times,reflecting the social changes of new democracy.Poetry creation has also made great breakthroughs in the transformation of folk songs,from the simple application of folk forms to the elimination of inappropriate feudal backward elements,to achieve the integration of regional customs and national spirit of the revolutionary voice.All these show that the writers in the liberated areas are influenced by the discussion of "national form",and their nationalized creation is the practical representation of the discussion on the construction of literature in the liberated areas.