The Conflict Between Northern Scholars And Southern Scholars And The Politics Of Northern Song(960-1127)

The conflict between the Northern scholars and the Southern scholars in the Northern Song Dynasty,was a product of the transformation of the geographical pattern of China from the east-west confrontation pattern to the north-south competition pattern after the Anshi Rebellion,It has obvious stage characteristics.In the early period of the Northern Song Dynasty,the regional policy of “Attaches great importance to the north,and despised the south”was implemented.The northern scholars occupied the political dominant position.However,with the rising of the Southern Scholars in the Song Taizong Dynasty,the two sides began to compete for political power and political status.In the late period of the Song Zhenzong period,there was a grand political dispute was began between the Northern scholars and the Southern scholars.There were two political ideas of "Be quietness" and "Make a difference" among the scholars in the middle period of the Northern Song Dynasty,due to the differences in regional culture and socio-political background between the North and the South,these two differences political ideas were mainly reflected in the Northern Scholars and the Southern Scholars.Thus,the political reforms at that time were related to the dispute between the North and the South: The Qingli Reformation was a political reform during the period when the southern scholars gradually occupied the dominant position in the central power structure of the Song Dynasty,and its failure prompted the Northern scholars and Southern scholars to the division and reorganization,It is have formed the north-south equilibrium pattern in the central power structure of the Song Dynasty;During the Xifeng Reformation,Wang Anshi order to promote the new law,have undermined the central power structure of the balance between the North and the South in which led to the intensification of the contradictions between the North and the South,make both sides around the new law implementation and its regional differences launched a fierce struggle;In addition,the North and South Scholars in the middle of the Northern Song Dynasty still had differences in the concept of the imperial examination,and the political image of the Southern scholars has also deteriorated.In the late Northern Song Dynasty,the dispute between the North and the South and the party struggle showed a mixed trend.Whether it was the dispute between the new law in the early years of Yuanyou,the dispute between the New and the Old,or the struggle of the Luo?Shu?Shuo party within the Old party,there were north-south regional factors.Theinfluence of the old party ministers in the late Yuanyou period on the renewed vigilance of the new party,the revenge of the new party members on the revenge of the old party,and the tendency of Cai bian and Cai Jing officials to use the "Attaches great importance to the south,and despised the north",and even the dying of the Northern Song Dynasty The "Jingkang Party Theory" is mixed with the elements of the dispute between the North and the South.After the Southern Song Dynasty,there were serious contradictions and policy differences between the northern streamers and the Jiangnan indigenous scholars.They were used by Song Gaozong and Qin hui.Thus,it has an important influence on the evolution of the Song Jin and the political situation in the early years of the Southern Song Dynasty.Since the Northern Song Dynasty was at the critical stage of the evolution of the ancient North and South political forces in China,The conflict between the Northern scholars and the Southern scholars in the Northern Song continued for the later generations and laid the Yuan and Ming and Qing Dynasties.The basic form and development trend of the dispute between the scholars in the north and the south of the times profoundly affected the political evolution of the imperial China in the later period.