The Research On Instrument Nouns Used As Verb Classifiers For Teaching Chinese As A Foreign Language

The verb classifiers in numeral classifiers compounds such as "砍一刀""写几笔""一枪就力打死他""一斧头劈在门上" and so on are nouns borrowed from the instruments used to represent the action behavior.As a subclass of borrowing verb classifiers,they can also indicate the number,duration or degree of action behavior,and are more open and numerous than other verb classifiers.However,instrument verb classifiers have their own specialties in terms of borrowing conditions,component collocation,grammatical structure,sentence selection and semantic features.In addition,the classifiers itself is a difficult problem for many Chinese learners,and the research on instrument verb classifiers and the study of teaching Chinese as a foreign language is not enough.Therefore,it is of great significance to explore the use of instrument nouns used as verb classifiers for the study of classifiers and the teaching of Chinese as a foreign language.Based on the actual needs of teaching Chinese as a foreign language,this paper takes eleven representative instrument verb classifiers of "笔、刀、板(子)、箭、筷子、枪、针、棍子、棒子、网、剪刀(子)" as the research object.Using the method of questionnaire survey,this paper investigates the mastery of middle and high level foreign students in the Chinese College of Beijing Foreign Studies University.Aims to study:(1)What are the errors and problems of foreign students in using instrument verb classifiers and their related structures?(2)What are the rules and characteristics of instrument verb classifiers in terms of borrowing conditions,composition collocation,grammatical structure and semantic connotation?(3)How should Chinese language teachers teach instrument verb classifiers and their momentum structures?From the research results,the main problems of the international students are:(1)Unfamiliar with the use of verb classifiers borrowed from instrument nouns,cannot be well distinguished from special verb classifiers.(2)In the choice of verbs,the semantic relationship between the verb classifiers and the verbs is misunderstood;In the choice of numerals,the characteristics of the numerals in pre-numeral classifier compounds and fixed structures are not well mastered;In the choice of demonstrative pronouns,some students add extra classifiers;In the choice of adjectives,they can’t use the adjective "大" well.(3)Can’t precisely grasp the syntactic position of the sentence components.The main errors are adverbial dislocation,object dislocation and complement disorder.(4)Can’t grasp the special usages in different structures well,such as the restriction of VP in pre-numeral classifier compounds and the order of inserting objects in the structures.(5)Can’t combine grammar,semantics and context well.A lack of understanding of the semantic meaning of a sentence pattern,often neglecting or misinterpreting the context.Based on the problems reflected by the questionnaire.This paper analyzes and summarizes the usages and characteristics of the instrument verb classifiers from three perspectives:The conditions of borrowing instrument nouns as verb quantifiers;the selection and restriction relationships between instrument verb classifiers and verbs;the different momentum expression structures composed of the instrument verb classifiers.Based on the types of error and the rules of use,the paper proposes four teaching suggestions and measures:(1)defining the characteristics of "borrowing" and establishing the relationship with verbs.(2)Jumping out of static matching and strengthening the teaching of dynamic structures.(3)Paying attention to the classification and comparison and emphasizing the individual usage in commonality.(4)Laying equal stress on grammar,semantics,and pragmatics.In order to help teachers better carry out the teaching of instrument verb classifiers and related momentum expression structures in TCFL.