The Ancient Castle Sites Investigation And Frontier Geography Study Of Jingyuan-Road In The Northern Song Dynasty

During the confrontation between the Northern Song Dynasty(960-1127)and Tangut(1038-1227),the Jingyuan-Road(???)as an important military defensive areas in the northwest region,had left abundent ancient castle ruins in its range.In this paper,the main castle sites and traffic networks in Jingyuan-Road are rehabilitated on the basis of investigation castle sites and combined the archaeological data and literature analysis.It is considered that a large number of castles were built in Jingyuan Road in the Northern Song Dynasty,in which relying on the valley(or main traffic route)formed the fortres defensive lines;With the state(?/?)as its center,formed a fortress defense systems by combined forward position and flanking castles organicly;Several fortress defense systems constituted the fortress defense system centered on the location of Shuaisi-Road.The research shows that in order to resist the Tangut,the Northern Song Dynasty built several defense systems in the the"extreme edge"(??)and"sub-edge"(??)areas in Jingyuan-Road:"Zhenrong Jun-Pengyang City Defense System"(“???——???????”)is to control the Hulu-River(now Qingshui-River)watershed;"Deshun Jun-Shuiluo City Defense System"(“???——???????”)is in order to control Wuyan-Chuan(now Hulu River)watershed;"Yuan Zhou-Xiyao City Defense System"(“??——???????”)is to control the Dahu-River(today Ru River)and Puchuan-River(now pu River)watershed.The tasks of the three defense systems have division of labor and coordination with each other,formed a long-term confrontation with the Tangut.The later Northern Song Dynasty,they continue to extend sphere of influence toward to the lower reaches of the Huluhe-River and the Tiandu Mountains,formed"Huaide Jun-Xi'an zhou Defense System"(“???——???????”),had a remarkable effect in the development of edge activities.It can make up for the regional leakage of the existed research results,provid sufficient physical evidence and accurate geographical coordinates for the study of the history of the the Song Dynasty or Tangut,and restoration of Silk Road and Regional Transportation Network in Historical period.It also has some reference significance for the protection and development of local non-movable cultural relics.