Discussion On The Non-daily Feature Of Daily Writing Of Essayists In The Late Ming Dynasty

The first part of this paper is the introduction,which mainly defines the research objects,time and daily life and describes the research status and existing problems.Chapter one refers to the phrase "Common people everyday use is Tao of sages"proposed by Wang Gen to investigate the non-daily principles of art and life extracted by essayists in the late Ming Dynasty in daily writing and the ideology of equality and Qiwu theory implied therein.Chapter two discusses the elegant and vulgar ideas embodied in the daily writing.The main viewpoints of representative writers such as Wen Zhenheng and Yuan Hongdao are sorted out,and the "elegant" meaning behind their daily writing is excavated from their love for landscape,their construction of elegant space,their matching of materials and their arrangement of flowers and trees.Behind such elegant life,there are often the true feelings and interests of the writers.The writers’frankness of temperament is mainly manifested in two aspects:first is willfulness,which is reflected in their abnormal love for landscape and corresponding behavioral expressions,especially night tour,or their daily wacky behaviors,which show their true disposition;second is the indispensability of tea and liquor in their daily life.Tea and liquor are marks of the scholars’ temperament,which often appear in their works as objects of creation and contain the writers’ spiritual intention.When it comes to interest,it is embodied in the writers’ exploring spirit on everything and interlaces with the onlooking and alienated way of watching and sightseeing,thereby resulting in a "special sense of alienation" in their daily writing,as well as different interests from those of previous generation of scholars.Chapter three explores the undercurrents behind the seemingly elegant and carefree life.The first undercurrent is that the description of lively and j oyous scenes of daily life often carries the writers’ dismal mood.Such experience is on the one hand due to an illusory sense of personal changeable fate or the rise and fall of the country.On the other hand,the daily writing implies the sympathy for people and things springing up from the happy occasions,thus resulting in a feeling of pity and grief contradicting the happy occasions.The second undercurrent is the sense of anxiety implied in the daily writing.Sometimes it is the anxiety for the passing years,and sometimes it is the anxiety for self-identity when "playing things",which is similar to but different from that of scholars of Song Dynasty.Because of the different attitudes towards elegance and vulgarity of essayists in the same era,there is also some difference in the anxiety generated.Scholars represented by Yuan Hongdao explicitly advocated elegance and degraded vulgarity,while Zhang Dai and Zhang Dafu integrated vulgarity into elegance,which will be discussed belowChapter four discusses the non-daily confession consciousness of essayists in the late Ming Dynasty,and explores the implication behind "introspection" texts.The confession consciousness is divided into two types,one is introspectiveness due to upset mind,and the other is the complex confession of writers such as Zhang Dai,which is controversial in the academic circles.The author thinks that it is more appropriate to summarize the latter as another form of infatuationThe last chapter discusses the causes of a series of non-daily phenomena.First,the non-daily phenomena were caused by historical background and atmosphere.As scholars turned to daily life choices and deliberately flaunted them,new values gradually formed and promoted the emergence of the phenomena.In addition,the influence of pluralistic thoughts and personal factors also play a certain role in the generation of the non-daily feature.