The Research Of The Changes About Cities Around Ring Songshan Area From Eastern Zhou Dynasty To Qin And Han Dynasties

The period from the eastern zhou dynasty to the qin and han dynasties was a critical period in the development of Chinese history,and also an important period for the great development of cities.Along with the great transformation from the feudal system centering on consanguinity to the prefectural system centering on geography,as well as the ensuing social unrest and frequent wars,the development of cities experienced a series of important changes,such as the improvement of layout,the increase of quantity and the adjustment of organizational mode.Since the ancient times is the development of the cities in the central plains area,which was the centre of the ring songshan district cities distribution is particularly intense,More than 100 urban sites from the eastern zhou dynasty to the qin and han dynasties have been discovered,providing an ideal sample for investigating the development and evolution of the cities in this stage,and thus providing a unique perspective for understanding the historical changes in this stage.This paper is divided into five chapters:Chapter one is introduction.Firstly,the research object and related concepts are defined.Secondly,it discusses the research scope and historical background.Thirdly,the paper introduces the status quo of previous studies.With the discovery of a large number of urban site data,the research on key cities has shifted to the systematic study of cities,and discusses the significance,purpose and method of this study.Finally,the innovation points and problems to be solved are put forward.Chapter two is the collates and analyzes the data of urban ruins.In this paper,a total of 113 urban sites from the eastern zhou dynasty to the qin and han dynasties,which are clearly dated,have been comprehensively collected through archaeological investigation or excavation in the ring songshan area.There were 50 in the spring and autumn period,75 in the warring states period,and 74 in the qin and han dynasties.Some cities of the previous dynasties were used in the warring states period and the qin and han dynasties,so there was a certain repetition in the number statistics.According to the scale,the ruins of the discovered cities are divided into five levels: >10 million square meters,10 million to 5 million square meters,5 million to 1 million square meters,1 million to 500 thousand square meters,and < 500 thousand square meters(in addition,for those whose city sites are damaged or whose scale is unknown due to no archaeological excavation),present them in order of rankChapter three is the studies on the characteristics and changes of cities.The characteristics of the cities in the spring and autumn period,the warring states period and the qin and han dynasties,especially the spatial distribution characteristics,were investigated in detail,and then the change process of the cities was discussed through the diachronic comparison.The study not only focuses on the situation of the high-grade cities that have always been the focus of academic attention,but also pays more attention to the structure,distribution and rise and fall of other low-grade cities with a larger number,so as to have a more comprehensive understanding of the distribution characteristics and transition process of the cities in the ring songshan area and the three main periods.Chapter four is the factors influencing the change of cities.This paper analyzes the political,military defense and traffic factors reflected by the changes of cities in the ring songshan area from the eastern zhou dynasty to the qin and han dynasties.It is found that political factors are the main factors influencing the change of distribution of the cities.The change of cities in the area from eastern zhou dynasty to qin and han dynasties is closely related to the change of political system in this period.Chapter five is conclusion.This paper summarizes the whole research and further elaborates the main points of this paper.