| Seclusion is a phenomenon of withdrawing from society and living in solitude,which has a profound influence on the political,social,cultural and intellectual spiritual character of ancient Chinese.It sprouted in the pre-Qin period,developed in the Han Dynasty,and reached maturity in the Wei Jin Southern and Northern dynasties.The period of the Han Dynasty,as the development period of seclusion culture,appeared the two large-scale recluse climaxes,which set the keynote for seclusion culture.Based on the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of Hermit in Han Dynasty,this paper analyzes the political and cultural environment,geographical and cultural factors of the seclusion in different periods,and reveals the differences of the Han dynasty seclusion phenomenon in different periods and regions,there was fewer number on recluse for stable society and clear politic,in the early,middle western han dynasty and in the early eastern han dynasty.The scholar’s choice about to be an official or a hermit were closely related to the policy and attitude of dominator and their ideological concept and value pursuit.In the period between the two han dynasties and mid-later stage of the Eastern Han Dynasty,the hermitism was prevailing,with a large number of recluse.Due to decadent politic and turbulent society,most scholars were in seclusion to far away from misfortune.The distribution of hermits foused on the areas of Qilu,Sanjin,Guan long,Bashu and Wuchu in the Han Dynasty.The basis for the emergence of hermits was indirectly provided by superior natural conditions.Moreover,geographical differences of social factors like the culture and customs directly affected the relationship between the scholars and the politics.The moderate mentality and a quiet few desires of the Han Dynasties scholars promoted the development of the Hermit and seclusion culture.Moreover,the attitude of devoting themselves to academic research had influenced the spiritual character of later intellectuals. |
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