Traditional Ritual Drama From The Perspective Of Intangible Cultural Heritage

Saixi is a kind of drama form with strong local characteristics,aiming at rewarding gods and offering sacrifices.It is one of the oldest drama types in China and is called "living fossil" of ancient Chinese drama.The whole performance process of the Saixi includes offering sacrifices to gods,theatrical performance,social fire performance and other parts.It combines folk etiquette and performing arts,and has a strong rituality.Saixi’s plays are mainly about historical stories and also about myths and legends.Saixi’s performance is dominated by male roles,with few female roles.Its singing is mainly divided into vernacular and singing poems,and most of them are pronunciation,singing and accompanying instruments are very simple.Its roughness and folk conformity reflect the primitiveness and amusement style of the initial stage of drama.Its existence provides us with a more perceptual understanding of the formation and development of drama.The whole process of Saixi combines folk etiquette and performing art.The study of Saixi is conducive to enriching the study of the history of Chinese opera and folk custom.With the gradual deepening of protection work,China is gradually strengthening the classified protection of intangible cultural heritage.According to the characteristics of different categories of intangible cultural heritage and the problems encountered in the process of inheritance and development,we should carry out more targeted and feasible protection measures to stimulate the inherent vitality of intangible cultural heritage and promote its better integration into modern life.Compared with Peking Opera,Kunqu Opera and modern drama,most of the ritual local ancient operas such as Saixi Opera survive in a village with few audiences and small influence,and have been neglected and forgotten for a long time.As a representative project of national intangible cultural heritage,Saixi consists of four sub-projects,including Shexian Saixi.This thesis takes Shexian Saixi as an example,and from the perspective of intangible cultural heritage,through the methods of literature reading and field investigation,investigates and studies the development history,characteristics and current protection status of Shexian Saixi,and explores reasonable protection methods accordingly,expecting to provide reference for the inheritance and protection of the Saixi and ritual traditional drama.The full thesis is divided into four parts,introduction,the analysis of the history and characteristics of Shexian Saixi,the protection work of Shexian Saixi and the consideration of the protection and development methods of Shexian Saixi.The introduction focuses on the background of the gradual deepening of the non-heritage protection work and the strengthening of the classification protection work,why this paper chooses Shexian Saixi as the research object,and reviews the academic research of the game and Shexian Saixi.The first chapter,an analysis of the history and characteristics of Shexian Saixi,makes a detailed introduction and analysis of Shexian Saixi from four aspects.Firstly,this chapter introduces the basic situation and development history of the contest and Shexian Saixi.Secondly,the author recorded in detail the complete performance process of Shexian Saixi.At present,Shexian Saixi has retained two branches,the Tanyin Saixi and the ShangQingliang Saixi.Although their performances and customs are slightly different,but as a whole,the whole process of performance includes several parts,such as sacrifice,theatre performance and Shehuo performance,which is very ceremonial.Thirdly,the author studies the characteristics of Shexian Saixi from three aspects:folk beliefs,performances and artistic characteristics.Shexian Saixi shows the obvious roughness and conformity at the beginning of its production.Finally,the script of Shaxian Saixi is interpreted.The second chapter,starting from the existing situation of Shexian Saixi,the author introduces the protection work of Shexian Saixi since it was selected as the representative list of national intangible cultural heritage,including the implementation of laws,regulations,policies and specific practice of protection and inheritance of national and provincial(Hebei)laws and regulations.Therefore,the problems of "the decrease of the number of inheritors and the serious aging phenomenon have not been significantly improved","the lack of overall protection consciousness" and "the inadequate propaganda work of the games" in the process of protection are put forward.Chapter three discusses the subject of protection and the subject of inheritance.The inheritor is both the protection subject and the inheritance subject.Therefore,the author puts forward that the government should pay more attention to the protection of non-heritage sites,the cultural authorities should establish a sense of holistic protection,realize digital protection as soon as possible,and pay attention to the protection of inheritors.