The Reflection And Criticisim For The Thought Of Marx's "Free Man" On Nietzsche's "Superman"

Nietzsche's "Superman" thought criticizes traditional metaphysics,affirms people themselves,and affirms the meaning of life.But for a long time,people have been widely controversial about the idea of"Superman".One of the commonalities is that "Superman" has always been regarded as a thing that already exists.This understanding essentially regards "Superman" as a concrete existence.However,in essence,"Superman" is a process or purpose that people pursue in order to prove their own existence and thus achieve their highest value.This idea has not finally been able to get rid of metaphysical thinking.From the perspective of domestic and foreign studies,the research on Nietzsche's overall thoughts is vast,but the research on Nietzsche's"Superman" thoughts is slightly weak.Based on Marx's thought of "free man"and using the method of unification of history and logic,this paper makes a deep reflection and criticism on Nietzsche's "Superman" thought under the guidance of Marx's thought of "free man".Through combing the historical and theoretical origin of Nietzsche's"Superman" thought,this paper analyzes the basic theory of Nietzsche's"Superman" thought and clarifies the connotation and essential characteristics of his thought.It reinterprets the basic views of life and value in Nietzsche's "Superman" thought.On this basis,we affirm the positive significance of Nietzsche's "Superman" thought,and explain that Nietzsche's "Supennan" thought embodies the liberation of spirit and the release of life instinct,which has important enlightenment significance for human development.At the same time,it also demonstrates the limitations of Nietzsche's "Superman" thought and deeply analyzes the practical roots of Nietzsche's "Superman" thought.The highest points of Nietzsche's "Superman" thought and Marx's "free man" thought are"people"."Superman" and "Free Man" are the ideal people they conceived.The two ideal people have many similarities.At the same time,there are essential differences.Nietzsche's "Superman" thought starts from the abstract human will,rejects universality,and emphasizes particularity;But Marx starts from the realistic person who is engaged in production activities in certain social relations and insists on the dialectical unity of universality and particularity.This huge diff erence in overall directionality leads to the difference between the "Superman" and"Free Man" thoughts in terms of their essence,pursuit of goals,and realization paths.Marx's idea of "free man" is more realistic,and the development of "free man" is more comprehensive.Communism is not to cultivate the "Superman" of the spiritual world,but to cultivate the "free man" based on the all-round development of the material world and realize the free and comprehensive development of individuals.People are the most important factor in the process of social development.To give full play to human initiative and promote the development of social productive forces,it is necessary for us to take into account the unity of universality and particularity and to firmly believe in Marxist ideals.In order to finally realize the free and comprehensive development of human beings.