The Study On The Import Of Wheat In China(1930-1937)

It was a self-sufficient smallholder economy in ancient China.So there were seldom trade wheat with other countrnes.But this has changed markedly in modern times.China began to import grain from abroad and gradually became dependent on it gradually.That was also the case for wheat trade.After China began to trade with foreign countries in modern times,the wheat exports more than it imports.However,since 1921,the quantity of wheat imports has been increasing steadily,and the growth rate has been increasing steadily,too.By the 1930s,the amount of wheat imports had reached a fairly high level,reaching the peak of imports in 1932.In the early 1930s,China's wheat imports were not only huge,but also related important events,such as the Cotton&Wheat Loan,levying import tax on wheat,and so on.A large number of imported wheat has had a profound impact on wheat marketing in China,which made the problem of wheat import more complex and concerned.The American wheat loan in 1931 and the Cotton&Wheat Loan in 1933 marked that National Government became a channel for foreign wheat to enter China besides import trade,and to some extent National Government became a salesman of foreign wheat.These two loans took place in a specific context,in a special form of substituting goods for cash has led to the large quantities of American wheat into China.The content of the agreement show that the National Government has accepted many unfavorable conditions for loan.The National Government failed to achieve its goal.In fact,the National Government received less money and caused turmoil in market.While facing foreign wheat coming to China,the voice of restricting imports of Wheat and formulating wheat import tax had been rising.The mill industry and the grain distributors launched a heated debate on this issue based on their respective interests.This situation reflected the dependence of the mill industry on foreign wheat.In 1933,the Nanking National Government decided to levy import taxes on wheat and other food crops under various situations at home and abroad.But this measure has little effect on restraining wheat import.China's wheat market was increasingly affected by foreign wheat.Influenced by the decline of international wheat prices and the poor quality of national wheat,the price of national wheat began to decline in the 1930s and fluctuated with the situation of wheat imports.China's imports of wheat also made it difficult to sell local wheat.Foreign wheat affected the price and sales of national wheat,reducing the income of farmers and worsens the economic situation in rural areas.It can be said that the early 1930s was a period of concentrated outbreak of all kinds of events around wheat imports,and also a period of outbreak of wheat import problems in moderrn times.The import of wheat reflected the situation and characteristics of foreign trade in modern China.The National Government imported of Wheat and established tariffs to control imports showing its management of wheat import.These policies were the manifestation of their protective trade policies and strengthened domestic control.The impacted of wheat imports on the market showed the China's economy had sufered from imperialismd and aggression.