A Study Of The Tang Dynasty's Three Shouxiang Fort And Its Influence On The Post-Turkic Political Situation

The north of Guannei Circuit in Tang Dynasty is called “hequ” region in the ancient books.Located in the north of Tang Dynasty,the region is called“the north gate” of country.As the focus of the national army defense,it is of extremely important strategic significance in the Military defense system of Tang Dynasty.Its strategic position is even more significant since the return of post-Turkic Khanate.In the second year of Yongchun in Tang Dynasty(682 AD),post-Turkic Khanate developed and invaded the northern border of Tang Dynasty frequently,especially in the northern border of Guannei Circuit.It was an age when the old dynasty was replaced with a new one.In order to maintain her own rule,Empress Wu ignored post-Turkic Vbug-chor Khan's deceptions and took the policy of compromise to avoid wars.As a consequence,post-Turkic Khanate became stronger by ravaging Tang Dynasty.After Tang Zhong Song took power,he realized the serious situation and changed the attitude to post-Turkic.He appointed Zhang Renyuan as the grand chancellor of the army of shuofang and built east,middle and west those three Shouxiang Fort in the heart of Turkic outside the Yellow River.At the same time,Tang Dynasty further perfected its northern frontier military defense system by forming a three Shouxiang Fort centered defense in the Yellow River from the southwest to the northeast.In addition,to ensure the effective operation of the northern frontier defense system,Tang Dynasty adhered to its frontier defense system,namely military towns,the garrison and the land.The construction of the three Shouxiang Fort and the formation of the river defense system cut off the main source of the wealth and slave of post-Turkic Khanate and intensified its domestic contradictions.To ease thetension,post-Turkic Khanate was forced to turn to the west,north and east.The successive years of war have increased the burden of the Ministry of Public,which led to the rebellion of the army,laying the potential safety hazard for the destruction of the state.