The Applicability Of The Short Version Of Freiburg Mindfulness Inventory In Chinese Young Students

The word "mindfulness" refers to the conscious attention on the present moment.It emphasizes on the open experience and the acceptance without judgement,that is,experiencing with perception and accepting all the thoughts and feelings without making judgments in the process.Background:Freiburg Mindfulness Inventory(FMI)is the widely used self-rating mindfulness scale.FMI is based on the traditional concept of mindfulness and investigates the level of mindfulness in our daily life.The original Freiburg mindfulness scale with 30 items has high reliability,but only for people who have a meditative background.The short version of FMI with 14 items contains all aspects of the original scale.It is easy to understand in semantics and completely independent of Buddhism or meditation background,and is suitable for all groups.This paper will examine the reliability and validity of the short version of FMI in Chinese teen-age students.We report here on three studies revising and validating the FMI among the teen-age students.Study 1:Aim:In this study we will examine the reliability and validity of short form FMI in Chinese college students.Method:We investigated 588 college students by using convenience sampling method,and the reliability and validity were analyzed by classical measurement theory(CTT)and Rasch analysis.In CTT,we first filter the items with all the data,and then divide the data into two parts according to the sequence of input for the test of structure validity,in which the items of odd number are used for exploratory factor analysis(EFA)and parallel analysis(PA),and the items of even number sequence are used for confirmatory factor analysis(CFA).The standard validity test is carried out by the general self-efficacy scale(GSES)and the Rosenberg self-esteem scale(RSES).In Rasch analysis,the data is analyzed by the rating scale model,including residual principal component analysis,item fitting index,measurement reliability(separation index and reliability of items,separation index and reliability of the subjects)and White Map.Results:In CTT,item 13and 6 are deleted and the other 12 items are remained.Both EFA and PA indicate that the 12 items are of single dimensional structure.CFA shows a good fit index(χ~2/df≈127.347/54≈2.36,p<0.001,CFI=0.90,TLI=0.87,RMSEA=0.06(0.048,0.075),SRMR=0.05);the total score is 0.36,0.16(all 01).The Cronbach coefficient and the confidence interval are 0.78(0.75,0.80).In Rasch analysis,the ratio of the first pair of residual characteristic values is 1.7,which conforms to the single dimensional model.The Infit and Outfit values of the 12 items are both between 0.6 and 1.4,and the separation index of the 12 items is 6.38.The item reliability is 0.98.The reliability of the test is 1.62,the reliability of the subjects is 0.72,and the difficulty of items matches the ability of subjects,which is similar to the normal distribution.Study 2:Aim:in this study we will examine the reliability and validity of the revised FMI in middle school students.Method:We investigated 948 middle school students by using convenience sampling method.The Rasch analysis is used to analyze their reliability and validity.The data is analyzed by the assessment scale model,including the residual principal component analysis,the item fitting index,the measurement reliability(the separation index and reliability of the entries,the separation index and reliability of the subjects)and the White Map.Result:The ratio of the first pair of residual features is 1.7,which conforms to the single dimensional mode.The Infit and Outfit values of the 12 items are between 0.6 and 1.4,and the separation index of the 12 items is 3.18 and the item reliability is 0.91.The reliability of the separation was 1.56,and the reliability of the subjects was 0.71.Item difficulty is matched with the ability of subjects,similar to normal distribution.Study 3:aim:In thisstudy we will explore the relationship between mindfulness,emotion regulation and self-efficacy among teen-age students.Method:We investigated 1631 young students by using a group sampling method with the revised mindfulness scale,the general self-efficacy scale and the emotional adjustment scale.Results:According to correlation analysis,regression analysis and the sequential test,mindfulness plays a partial mediating role between general self-efficacy and emotion regulation.The mediating effect accounts for 40%of the total effect.