A Study Of Phonetic Notations On Zhaoming Wenxuan Of ZhengDe’s Version

The main research object of this article is all the phonetic notations in Wenxuan annotated by five-master printed in the 4th year of Zhengde(1509)in Korea.On the basis of proofreading,the database is established,and the style of phonetic notations in ZhengDe’s version is summed up,and the initial consonant system,the vowel system and the tone system of phonetic notations in ZhengDe’s version is studied comprehensively by using the method of Fanqie contact method,phonetic analogy method and statistical method,etc.and it is compared selectively with phonetic notations of Chenba Lang’s version,SongBenGuangYun,SongKeJiYun and some other literatures,then come to some important conclusions.There are 7326 phonetic notations in ZhengDe’s version,of which 3964 notes are Fanqie notes,3034 notes are Zhiyin notes and 328 notes are tone notes,including 85 Xieyun notes.After duplicate removal,the total number of effective notes is 5583,among them,effective Fanqie 3253,valid Zhiyin 2146,valid tone 184.On the whole,its phonetic system shows some obvious regularity characteristics.The results of study show that there are 50 consonant types,245 vowel types and 4 tone types(Ping Shang Qu and Ru)in ZhengDe’s version.Some features of phonetic system embodied by phonetic notations in ZhengDe’s version are consistent with those of other important phonetic materials in Sui and Tang dynasties,and most of the phonetic forms and characters used in the phonetic notations are consistent with Chenba Lang’s version and other important versions of Wenxuan.From these aspects,we can see that phonetic notations in ZhengDe’s version can reflect the original appearance of phonetic notations annotated by five-master in a large part.In addition,by comparing with other literatures,we can see that phonetic notations in ZhengDe’s version also show some clear signs of having been modified by the later generations.Some phonetic notations reflect characteristics of the phonetic system before the Sui and Tang dynasties,which shows that phonetic notations in ZhengDe’s version have a certain “ancient” nature.Through the comparative study,we can see that there are 193 phonetic notations in Chenba Lang’s version which are not in ZhengDe’s version and there are 565 phonetic notations in ZhengDe’s version and not in Chenba Lang’s version.The statistical data shows that the differences between ZhengDe’s version and some rhythmic dictionaries of the past dynasties and the differences between Chenba Lang’s version and some rhythmic dictionaries of the past dynasties are on the same level.The topic of “which is better” or “which is closer to the original appearance” between the two versions is meaningless.For the research topic of “restoring the original appearance of phonetic notations annotated by five-master”,the two versions are both very significant.In addition,our findings show that the phonetic system of phonetic notations in ZhengDe’s version is very similar to the BoyaYin’s phonetic system in Differentiation in labial(sound),Devoicing and Split-merging of vowel types etc.and most of the similarities between them are different from the rhythmic dictionaries of the past dynasties.Accordingly,we inferred that it is very likely that five-master referred to the research findings of Caoxian and others when the phonetic notations were being annotated.HuangKan had pointed out that(the phonetic notations annotated by five-master)using both Zhiyin and Fanqie is very like the forms of BoyaYin.According to the features of phonetic system,this judgment is reasonable.