A Research On Layout Features Of The Five Capitals Of Liao Dynasty

The five capitals of Liao Dynasty,forming in the 10 th to 11 th centuries,were an important attempt of the Khitan in the history of urban construction.The process was started from the first Xilou to Shangjing and then to “Sanjing”(1),and finally to the five capitals.It not only reflects the direction and process which is the expansion of the strategy towards to the others in the Liao Dynasty,also adapts to the changing situation by this way.This paper is involved in the two dimensions of time and space,and through combing the process of the formation of the five capitals,it intends to explore the layout of the five capitals and related issues,so as to further the research on the layout of the five capitals,and make it elements and systematization.The content of the article includes six aspects,and as follows:The first part is the introduction,which mainly includes the description of the reason and significance of the article selection and combing the ancient books,modern monographs,and journal papers related to the layout features of the five capitals of Liao Dynasty.The second part is “The capital and the five capitals of the Liao Dynasty”.It mainly starts from the definition of the city and capital,and locates the five capitals of Liao Dynasty.The third part is “The process of the formation of the five capitals of Liao Dynasty”.By arranging the five capitals in a specific historical period,and combining the backgrounds of the political,economic,and diplomatic in the period,it combines the stage of the five capitals and the process of forming about each capital.The fourth part is “The natural profile of the five capitals of the Liao Dynasty”.This section focuses on the external layout of the five capitals of the Liao Dynasty,and analyzes the natural conditions such as the geographical location of each capital,the geographical units where it is located,and the distribution of mountains and rivers within the region.Through analysis and summaries,a comprehensive and intuitive understanding of the natural profile of the five capitals is formed.The fifth part is “The layout of the five capitals of Liao Dynasty”.This part is the key content of this article.Through visualizing the size of the cities,the layout of the palaces,the situation of the gates,the defensive facilities,and the distribution of the city and squares,and using tables and enumerated forms to compare them horizontally and longitudinally,then finally forms a complete and comprehensive content of the objective analysis of the situation about the layout of the five capitals of the Liao Dynasty.The sixth part is “The influence of the layout of the five capitals of Liao Dynasty”.The main contents includes the ideas of layout and the impact of the five capitals of the Liao Dynasty on the Jin Dynasty.