| Vocabulary teaching is the core element in the process of Chinese acquisition.When learners of Chinese learn Chinese,they cannot fully understand the differences between the words of the same meaning field simply based on the dictionary,although all kinds of thesaurus have gathered the words of the same field,they still cannot show the syntactic form,semantic selection and other aspects.The advocacy of theory and the practical needs require us to pay attention to the study of the small verbs.Taking the frequent Chinese verb “eat” as an example,this paper studies the sub category of “eat” in combination with the style of language and the perspective of teaching Chinese as a foreign language.The details are as follows:This paper takes the BCC corpus of Peking University as the selection object,selects three styles of literature,newspaper,science and technology,and takes a combination of qualitative and quantitative method.This paper classifies the phrase in the sentence structures which contain “eat” into several categories which are “using eat alone”,“ overlapping using eat”,“eat + object”,“eat + complement”,and then makes the analysis of syntactic features respectively.It has been found that the proportion of the other three structures in the four structures has its own regularity except that “overlapping using eat” does not appear.The presented regularities are:for “ using eat alone”,literature > newspaper ? science and technology;for “eat +object”,science and technology > newspaper > literature;for “eat + complement”,literature > newspaper > science and technology.After the analysis of the internal semantics of "eat" structure and its syntactic function,it was found that most of the items appeared in "using eat alone" were basic meanings,and the syntactic functions were all predicates;the meaning of "eat + object" appeared more,but the patient object took a larger proportion,the syntax function was more abundant;most of the items in the "eat + complement" were basic meanings,but the complement type was richer and the syntactic function was diverse.At the end,it was found that because of the strong written form of the selected styles,and most "overlapping using eat" appeared in spoken language,no relevant corpus was found.Based on the above study of "eat" in the noumenon course,the author also combines the perspective of Chinese as a foreign language,taking “Boya Chinese” as an example,The sentences with "eat" were selected and analyzed according to the above four structures,it is found that the meaning of "eat" and the type of the object are relatively unitary in the textbook.After that,through the literature reading and the investigation of the corpus,the author has found that the source of Boya Chinese is mostly literary style,which reflects the limitations of the compilation of the textbook.Based on the syntactic structure appearing in different stages of teaching materials,the author puts forward teaching suggestions on expanding the meaning of eat and analyzing the internal semantics from the perspective of teaching Chinese as a foreign language,which is more conducive to the comprehensive grasp of the word "eat".Through this study,we hope to provide some reference for the study of Chinese noumenon and the study of Chinese as a foreign language. |
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