Discuss On The View Of Cohen's Socialist Justice

Cohen is a determined Marxist scholar.In the beginning,he contacted and engaged in analytical philosophy and learning.However,he firmly believes that superior socialism has encountered serious theoretical challenges,among which the theory of Nozick from the rightist liberalism and Rawls of the leftist liberalism is the most threatening.At the same time,the drastic changes in Eastern Europe and the disintegration of the Soviet Union cast a heavy shadow on the reality of socialist theory.This makes Cohen decisively transferred to the field of political philosophy.As a rigorous scholar who mastered the analytical philosophy tool,he saw the crisis of socialist theory,that is,lacking from the normative point of view to demonstrate the superiority and feasibility of the theory.His road to socialist theory began with the criticism of Nozick and Rawls.His criticism of Nozick considered three parts: 1.Nozick's justification of inequality is insufficient,and his restrictions on access to justice are too loose,which is fatal for his argument.2.Cohen criticized Nozick for setting up only the original things that are available to everyone and can be self-owned.He proposed another possibility-joint ownership.3.Cohen insight into Nozick's theoretical basis,namely self-ownership,he believes that self-ownership will hurt Nozick's desire for freedom.In fact,what people really need is autonomy.Cohen therefore removed the source of Nozick's theory.His criticism of Rawls' theory can also be divided into three parts: 1.Cohen believes that the difference principle in Rawls' s principle of justice is incompatible with the incentive principle.The incentive principle will undermine the concept of community advocated by Rawls.Cohen believed that the Pareto argument failed.Rawls did not try to minimize the distribution plan that existed as much as possible,nor did he tend to choose a better solution for the disadvantaged.This fully shows that he still stands on the bourgeois position.3.He opposed Rawls to apply the principles of justice to the basic structure of society.He believes that areas that are easily overlooked,such as customs and habits,will have a subtle influence on people's choices,and ultimately affect the equality of results.Based on his criticism of the two,he has a clearer understanding of the theory he wants to build.He believes that the starting point of the theory is to start from "scarcity," and that the actual conditions have undergone profound changes,which are different from those predicted by Marx.The greatest limitation of material production is not from the level of productivity but from the crisis of ecological resources.The working class also did not form a huge political force.Therefore,he is more convinced that socialist theory needs more standardized arguments.He set socialist equality of opportunity and community as the two basic principles of socialism.Because of its fairness,socialism is worth pursuing.Her realization depends on the continuous improvement of people's generous service consciousness.His concept of socialism was marvellous and profound,but the argument was incomplete.In the most critical exchange and distribution designs,he relied too much on social and personal moral cultivation and finally resorted to building on a generous and selfless foundation.System design.However,this kind of defense and conception of socialism under current historical conditions,although it lacks argumentation from the perspective of historical inevitability,at least provides us with another kind of thinking and perspective,which is worth our careful consideration.