The Effects Of The Form Of Action Manipulation And The Action Dexterous Degree On Judgment Of Learning For Verb-object Phrase

Traditional metamemory researchs pay much attention to the metamemory monitoring of the verbal materials,however,individual memory includes all aspects,and verbal memory is not the whole picture of memory.The study of action memory creatively uses the simple action events in daily life(eg,turn over the textbook)as the objects of study.It was found that if one performs the action indicated by the verb-object phrases during the encoding phase,the memory performnce is superior to phrases without enactment,and this is the enactment effect.Cohen et al.have attempted to combine the action memory materials with the verbal materials to explore the metamemory monitoring differences between this two materials.However,these studies only focus on the relative accuracy of metamemory monitoring and there are some deficiencies in the studies.Therefore,based on the previous studies,this study firstly explores the difference in judgment of learning between the material noun and the verb-object phrase,both of them are verbal materials.And then we only focuses on the verb-object phrase and examines the effects of the forms action manipulation and the action dexterous degree on judgment of learning for verb-object phrase.Three sub-experiments were designed in this study.The dependent variables of the sub-experiments were the judgment of learning,the recall score,the absolute accuracy and the relative accuracy of judgment of learning.Experiment 1 was a single factor within-subject design,it was aimed to initially investigate whether individuals have different judgments of learning on different learning content.The independent variable is learning content which is divided into two levels:material noun and verb-object phrase.Experiment 1 found that there was a difference between the judgments of learning and recall scores of different learning contents.The material nouns had significantly higher judgments of learning and recall scores than the verb-object phrase.And subjects’ judgment of learning had underestimated both on material nouns and verb phrases.Experiment 2 used 4(the form of action manipulation:real action manipulation with object,real action manipulation without object,imaginary action manipulation and no action manipulation)× 2(the action dexterous degree:gross motor,fine motor)mixed factorial design to explore the influence of different forms of action manipulation and different action dexterous degrees of verb-object phrases on judgment of learning.Experiment 2 found that the judgments of learning and the recall scores of the real action manipulation with object were significantly higher than those of the real action manipulation without object,the imaginary action manipulation and the no action manipulation condition.And the judgments of learning and the recall scores of the gross-motor phrase were significantly higher than the fine-motor phrase.Subjects had a high degree of absolute accuracy judgment of learning on gross-motor phrase,and overestimated the judgment of learning on fine-motor phrases.On the basis of experiment 2,experiment 3 introduced a passive action manipulation condition.Experiment 3 used 3(the form of action manipulation:real action manipulation with object,watch other people’s action manipulation and no action manipulation)x 2(the action dexterous degree:gross motor,fine motor)mixed factorial design to further explore the influence of the form of action manipulation and the action dexterous degree on judgment of learning for verb-object phrase.Experiment 3 found that the judgment of learning of the real action manipulation with object was significantly higher than that of the conditon of watching other people’s action manipulation,but the recall score between this two conditions had no significant difference.And under the condition of watching other people’s action manipulation,subjects had a high degree of absolute accuracy judgment of learning on both gross-motor and fine-motor phrase.The conclusions of the three experiments are as follows:(1)The judgment of learning for material noun is significantly higher than verb-object phrase.(2)People’s judgment of learning for verb-object phrase is affected by the form of action manipulation.The judgment of learning under the condition of real action manipulation with object is significantly higher than real action manipulation without object,watch other people’s action manipulation,imaginary action manipulation and no action manipulation.It indicates that people think the real action manipulation with object is abetter encoding method to lean the verb-object phrase.(3)People’s judgment of learning for verb-object phrase is affected by the action dexterous degree.The judgment of learning for gross-motor phrase is significantly higher than that of fine-motor phrase.(4)The absolute accuracy of the judgment of learning for gross-motor phrase under all conditions is high.Under the condition of watching other people’s action manipulation,fhe absolute accuracy of the judgment of leaning for fine-motor phrase is high,while other conditions are overvalued.