Poetry Study On Yuefu Poems In The Song Dynasty

In the rear of the Han Dynasty,Wei Dynasty and Jin Dynasty,the formality and music system of Zhou Dynasty has already in a disastrous state during this period.The characteristics of Yuefu Poetry is closely related with the social environment.The political and social situation was characterized by turbulence and intranquility,and the formality and music system was missing in these dynasties.The Song Dynasty was the first dynastic Dynasty in the Southern dynasties,also the longest dynasty in the Southern Dynasties.The ritual and musical culture and Yuefu Poetry in this period are slightly different from those before and after generations,showing the unique characteristics of the first dynasty in the Southern Dynasties.In general,Guo Maoqian’s the Anthology of Yuefu Poetry contains 731 Yuefu poems in the Song Dynasty,including 368 of the authors,and 300 of other unknown authors.From this,it appears that the Yuefu poems of the Song Dynasty are very prosperous.By combing the forms,classification and recording the past dynasties of Song Dynasty’s Yuefu Poetry,we can have a macroscopic grasp of this period’s Yuefu Poetry and have a great help to further exploration to its characteristics.The member of the Song Dynasty all liked literary grace works.In the prime of Song Dynasty,the first emperor Liu Yu began to restore the ritual and music system.Refereeing to the ritual and music system of Han Dynasty and Wei Dynasty,he reconstructed the government offices of Yuefu,such as Taichang,Mingtang,Taiyue and Taimiao,to take charge of the music related matters.He also commanded some poets to write Yuefu poems.In addition,the other emperors like Liu Yilong,Liu Jun,Liu Yu,made more or less contribution to the ritual and music system.This contribution is not only reflected in the palace music,also have the achievements in popular music,especially to promote the development of the Wusheng Song and Xiqu Song.Unlike those of Cao Wei period,in this time,the literati Yuefu Poetry presented a thriving vitality.Although the author is not many,the quality of the works should not be ignored.According to the standards of the related subjects,the Yuefu Poetry in this period can be divided into three categories: palace Yuefu,literati Yuefu and the folk songs of Yuefu.As a gagaku court music,these poems were usually played in the southern suburbs,hall,temples and other places,which are specialized in the ritual activities.The music and ceremony of Yuefu Poetry in the process reflect the idea of harmony between man and nature,the most representative poem is The Music and Dance of Song Zhang Temples.According to the content,the literati Yuefu poems in this period can be divided into three parts: the frontier Yuefu,the ideal Yuefu and the emotional Yuefu.These literati poems reflect the writers’ states of life and mind,including the study of ancient poetry and the created the sentence.The folk songs of Yuefu are mainly distributed in three main categories: Xianghe songs,Qingshang songs and Miscellaneous ballad.Because of the uncertainty of the authors and the generation era of the folk songs,they are related in the content and the form of folk songs.Taking the case study of the Midnight four time Songs which inherit the Midnight Songs as an example,this paper explores the characteristics of Yuefu folk songs in this period from the aspects of body,forms,images and language styles.The Wei Dynasty,Jin Dynasty and the Northern and Southern Dynasties,are called "literary consciousness times".It is partly due to the emergence of literary criticism works at this time,such as Wen Xin Diao Long written by Liu Xie and the comment of poetry written by Zhong Rong.These two books both refer to the Yuefu poems of the Song Dynasty.Since the Liu and the Zhong,there are many people discuss the Yuefu poems of this period.The main words focus on the three great masters of Yuanjia –Yan Yanzhi,Xie Lingyun and Bao Zhao.Bao’s poems are criticized by a lot of people.Yan and Xie only have a few poems are commented,and the angle is relatively fixed.Compared to this,the evaluation of Bao Zhao demonstrates various perspective: the types or forms of literature,the forms of poems,the contents and even the famous famous poems.