Dialogue And Competition Between Confucian Schools In The Middle And Late Ming Period

The most important thing in a country is sacrifice,and Confucian Temple sacrifice is of paramount importance.sacrifice at the Confucian temple as the wine vane of Confucian learning.It’s in and out,rise and fall reflects the transition of the academic form.In the year of 1584,the official of the Ming dynasty acknowledged Wang Yangming(王阳明)、Chen Xianzang(陈献章)、Hu Juren(胡居仁)to sacrifice at the Confucian temple,which had an extraordinary impact on politics 、 imperial examination、 Ideological and academic of the current society.The number of people involved and the wide range of disputes are extremely rare in the Ming Dynasty over the debate of Wang Yangming’s Acknowledgement to sacrifice at the Confucian temple.This article try to excavating the change of academic thought in the middle and late Ming Dynasty,and the interaction and competition between different academic veins within the Ming dynasty.This article is mainly divided into the following aspects:Lu Jiuyuan’s(陆九渊)acknowledgement to the Confucian temple opened the gap of Yangming school into the official ideology.Wang Yangming sacrificed at the Confucian temple Go through a setback in Long Qing(隆庆)and Wan Li(万历)period.In the year of 1584,sacrificed Wang Yangming at the Confucian temple was the Reactionary of Zhang Juzheng’s(张居正)prohibited of jiangxue(讲学)to some extent.The development of learning and politics is an interactive process.This process is political and academic.Except the debateing between the cabinet and the Six Boards,people from the north and the South have different opinions on whether Wang Yangming should sacrifice at the Confucian temple.Yangming school Has become a force that can not be ignored,the cabinet had to compromised.But the Zhuism did not lose its orthodoxy.In the year of 1585,Tang Boyuan submited a paper to Shenzong(明神宗)and want to Kick Wang Yangming out of the Confucian temple,put <shijingdaxue>(石经大学)as Imperial examination standard.<shijingdaxue> placed xiushen(修身)above gewu(格物)and zhizhi(致知),which formed a challenge toward Zhuism and Yangming school.The spread of <shijingdaxue> is the product of Dialogue and competition between New Confucianism schools such as Zhuism、Yangming school、Zhanxue、Zhixiuxue(止修学)、Xiushenxue(修身学)、Donglin school(东林)and Jishan school(稷山学派).Different opinions toward Tang and <shijingdaxue> in Yangming school indicated the differentiation of Yangming school and the shake of xinjili(心即理).Confucian Temple sacrifice in 1584 was a competing stage between Yangming school、Zhuism and Zhanxue.In addition to the opposition of the northerners,Dong Lin School expressed reservations about the result.Zhanxue from Guangdong and Zhuism from Fujian Dissatisfied with the result and wanted to challenge it.Sacrificed Wang Yangming at the Confucian temple has brought a series of shocks and changes to the political,academic and social aspects of the Ming Dynasty.Because of the differences between the cabinet and the the Six Boards,The competition between two sides was becoming increasingly fierce,opening factional political struggle in the post Zhang Juzheng Era.Academically coordination thought was rise,Changes have taken place in imperial examination,Academies was repaired,Yangming school’s Jiangxue(讲学)was revived.Yangming school experienced a Internal turn Late Ming.Under the circumstances of shake of xinjili(心 即 理)and the diversity of New Confucianism schools.although Wang Yangming could sacrificed at the Confucian Temple,but this process encountered strong resistance.Yangming school was divided,the spread of Yangming school was hard to maintain.