The Discrimination Of Preposition "Tongguo" And "Jingguo" And Teaching Chinese As A Foreign Language

Prepositions “tongguo” and “jingguo” belong to a set of synonym frequently used in the daily communication of Chinese people.Because of the extremely high similarity between the both in translation and usage,mutual paraphrase appears in some Chinese dictionaries,which perplexes the Mandarin Chinese teachers and second language learners a lot.In order to solve this problem,starting from ontology research,the paper summarized and perfected the research of predecessors,and distinguished the two words from three aspects,namely,syntactic constituent combination,semantic elements,and semantic features.Moreover,it also applied image schema and metaphor theory to practice from cognitive level,so as to interpret the differences between the both: project the spatial displacement of cognitive linguistics to abstract displacement,analyze the transformation from the differences of original meanings,namely,verb usage,to the differences of preposition usage,elaborate the different grammaticalization degree between the both from cognitive domain theory and grammaticalization theory,as well as its caused differences.On the basis of the above,this paper further analyzed the linguistic data provided by BBC Corpus of Beijing Language and Culture University,selected some representative and effective linguistic errors to make questionnaire,and analyzed the primary data,so as to investigate the concrete errors of students in using prepositions,“by” and “through”.Finally,this paper used the theory obtained to guided practice,and put forward the teaching methods and teaching suggestions with construction value and feasible value on teaching Chinese as a foreign language.