The Vicissitudes Of State Ideology During The Republic Of China

The revival of Confucianism is a new trend in contemporary China.And it encourages a group of scholars who study Confucianism to seek solutions to some practical problems.There are three party thought resources in the theoretical circle.On the level of theoretical exploration,guiding by the problem of " Where Should China Go",Taking the concept of"State Ideology" as an observation perspective,learning from two construction of the State Ideology in the Republic of China,we may be able to explore the correct direction of the revival of Confucianism.Over the past 90 years since New Culture Movement,the orientation of Confucianism has roughly experienced three stages that from "stumbling block" to "roadside stone",and to the "paved stone" of revival of nationhood.A series of studies from the ideological perspective,making it more clear why the Confucianism in Chinese modern history of history and the rise and fall.The concept of ideology was introduced into China in twentieth Century,and since its introduction to China with Marxism,it has been carrying the politic force of the class struggle and the semantic orientation of the transformation of the world entrusted by Lenin and Stalin.In contemporary China,Confucianism and Liberalism is coexistence of theoretical form in Chinese academic circles.Therefore,to build a new concept of "State Ideology" with theoretical inclusiveness and operability in practice,is one of the theoretical preparations for reference,absorbing Confucianism thought resources and foreign philosophy and social science thought resources.A clear and accurate historical explanation of the reconstruction in the state ideology during the Republic of China,from the perspective of"state ideology",which will be able to make a historical paving for the theoretical exploration of the academic issue of" Where Should China Go".After the revolution of 1911,the status of state ideology of Confucianism was greatly impacted,and liberal ideology from the western has gained considerable value justice for a time.Yuan Shikai crashed the forces of the Kuomintang,and took the banner of the Confucius as the sign of conservatism after the revolution II.The worship of Confucius and restore the monarchy's conservative road not only ruined Yuan Shikai,also made the Confucianism become imperial funerary.New intellectuals in New Culture Movement took completely revolutionary attitude to "Lash out at Confucianism",in order to create a new youths,new country and new ideas.On one hand,it had led to the widespread spread of Liberalism,created the basis for the introduction of Marxism to China,Contributed to the formation of ideological change;On the other hand,it promoted the theoretical freshmen of Confucianism objectively,and gave birth to the first generation of Modern Neo Confucianism represented by Liang Shuming,Xiong Shili,Feng Youlan and Ma Yifu.And then,the Three-Basics-of-Democracy became new State Ideology in China,which created by Sun Yat-sen.The Three-Basics-of-Democracy absorbed some characters of liberalism,Confucianism and socialism,and matured in the democratic revolution led by Sun Yat-sen.The Three-Basics-of-Democracy was supplemented and developed by Dai Jitao and Chiang Kai Shek.With the expansion of the reign of the Kuomintang,it had gradually risen to the state ideology.Under the system of ruling the country by the party and individual dictatorship,the elite political model centered on the personal membership was formed.The Chiang Kai Shek group was also lost in the Confucianism.Based on the practice of socialism with Chinese characteristics,under the guidance of Marxism basic principles,take the concept of "state ideology" as a tool to understand and absorb Confucianism resources.And we should farewell Confucianism of imperial age,remould Neo-Confucianism of the Song and Ming Dynasty and "Westernized Chinese Style".History keeps moving forward,which means that people must constantly remould their thinking.Integrating Confucianism into the orbit of the sinicization of Marxism,highlighting the guiding role of Marxism,then we can criticize and absorb the basic spirit of Confucianism.Rectifying the imperial elements of Confucianism by the basic form of democracy.This is the direction of contemporary Chinese academic and of Chinese intellectuals.