Characteristics And Differences Of Early Language Development In Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder,Global Development Delay And Development Language Delay

Objective:By applying Early Language Development Process Scale,to explore the characteristics and differences of language development in children with autism spectrum disorder?ASD?,global developmental delay?GDD?and developmental language delay?DLD?and typical developmental?TD?.This study provide evidence for early identification and intervention for different developmental disorders.Methods:From March 2017 to April 2019,18-36 months old who was of lingual delay as main complain and later diagnosed as ASD,GDD and DLD children were selected as the case group.At the same time,children with typical development were selected the typical developmental children as control group.There were 155 cases in ASD group,92 cases in GDD group,162 cases in DLD group and 170 cases in typical children.The subjects and their parents completed the Early Language Development Process Scale to evaluate the language development level of children in each group,assess and explore the language development features and difference in the three dimensions of Language Reception,Language Expression and Non-Verbal Language.For as much as possible to remove age factors on the results of this research analysis,Uses the norm in cohorts of P75 corresponding score minus A,B,C and full scale total score to calculate difference,namely:points,P75 P75-A-B points,P75-C and P75-total score,carried out A statistical analysis on the difference as the index,the discretion of the difference between the results reflect children's language development the degree of deviating from the normal track.In this study,the data were analyzed by SPSS 21.0.It was compared among the four groups first,and then pairwise multiple comparisons were made within the four groups to analyze the characteristics and differences of early language development among children with different diseases.Results:1.There were 170 cases in TD group?75.88%boys?,155 cases in ASD group?83.52%boys?,92 cases in GDD group?82.61%?,162 cases in DLD group?82.72%?,and the average age was?27.58±5.15 months?,?28.10±4.41 months?,?29.12±4.66 months?,?28.02±4.28months?,respectively.There was no statistical significance in the age of children in four groups?F=2.199,P=0.087?and gender difference??²=4.624,P=0.201?.2.The median values of voice and language expression difference(P₇₅-A),auditory perception and understanding difference(P₇₅-B),visual related understanding and expression difference(P₇₅-C)and total score difference(P₇₅-total score)of TD,ASD,GDD,and DLD children were 0,1,0,1;17,10,3,31;16,9,1,26;14,7,0,21,respectively.The difference results of the four groups were ASD,GDD,DLD and TD in turn.3.The results of the four groups of children's test showed that:there were statistically significant differences among TD vs.ASD,TD vs.GDD and TD vs DLD group?P<0.05?;there were statistically significant differences between GDD and ASD in p₇₅-B,p₇₅-C and p₇₅5 total scores?P<0.05?;there were statistically significant differences between DLD group and ASD,GDD group?P<0.05?.4.The results of four groups of children's test between different genders showed that:there were significant differences between TD group and ASD,GDD and DLD group?P<0.05?.For GDD group and ASD group male,there were significant differences in p₇₅-B,p₇₅-C and p₇₅5 total scores?P<0.05?,while for female there is significant differences only in p₇₅-c scores?P<0.05?.Comparing with DLD and ASD group,there were significant differences both in male and female among all parts of language development?P<0.05?.The male between DLD and GDD group,it is significant difference among all parts of the scores?P<0.05?,and there was significant difference,for girls,only in p₇₅-C score and p₇₅5 total score?P<0.05?.5.Gender comparison in the study group showed that there was no significant difference in the scores of male and female in the ASD and GDD groups?P>0.05?;there was significant difference in P₇₅-A,P₇₅-B and P₇₅-total scores in TD group?P<0.05?;there was gender difference in P₇₅-A and P₇₅-total score in DLD group?P<0.05?.6.The test results of four groups of children in different age group showed that:there were statistically significant differences in the scores of each part of five age groups between TD and ASD,GDD and DLD?P<0.05?;there were statistically significant differences in P₇₅-B,P₇₅-C and P₇₅-total in 30-32,33-36 months?P<0.05?between GDD and ASD;The differences of each parts between DLD and ASD were significant?P<0.05?except for P₇₅-A in 30-32 months?P>0.05?.Compared DLD and GDD groups,in 18-23,27-29,30-32 months age groups,there was significant difference in the scores of P₇₅-B,P₇₅-C and p₇₅-total?P<0.05?.Conclusion:1.The average age of children with ASD,GDD and DLD in Jiangxi Province is relatively older.2.The children with ASD,GDD and DLD deviated from the typical developmental trajectory in speech and language expression,auditory perception and understanding,and visual related perception and understanding,as well as the overall language ability.3.Girls in TD and DLD groups have better language understanding and expression ability than boys.Girls in ASD and GDD groups have no advantage in language development.4.The degree of impairment of language development in the three diseases from severe to mild was ASD,GDD and DLD.It indicates ASD children's language understanding and non-verbal ability all lag behind DLD and GDD under 36months-old.