Galectin-10 Is A Potential Biomarker Of Eosinophilic Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps

Objective:Our purpose is to explore the expression level of Galectin-10 in different types of nasal polyps,and to investigate whether Galectin-10 can be used as a potential biomarker of ECRSwNP.Method:A total of 26 CRSwNP patients and 10 DNS patients undergoing functional endoscopic sinus surgery from November 2018 to April 2019 at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University were enrolled into the study.The study subjects were divided into 3 groups: ECRSwNP group,non-ECRSwNP group,and nasal septum deviation group.HE stained inferior turbinate mucosa of nasal septum deviation(DNS)and polyps of CRSwNP which was classified as ECRSwNP and non-ECRSwNP.IHC was used to determine the positive localization and semi-quantitative expression levels of Galectin-10 protein in three groups.The expression levels of Galectin-10 protein in three groups were determined by Western blot.The expression levels of Galectin-10 mRNA in three groups were determined using qRT-PCR.Statistical Analysis:Categorical variables were analyzed with ?2 test or Fisher's exact test,such as gender,AR,Atopy.For continuous variable,according to 2 main assumptions(normality and homogeneity of variance),comparisons within multigroup were performed with the analysis of one-way ANOVA or using Kruskal–Wallis test for multiple comparisons,and comparisons between 2 groups were performed with the Student's t test or Mann–Whitney U test.Results:1.By using IHC method,we found that Galectin-10 was mainly localized in eosinophils in the polyp tissues.The semi-quantitative expression of the Galectin-10 in the ECRSwNP group was significantly higher than control and non-ECRSwNP groups[(0.051±0.003)vs(0.025±0.004),(0.051±0.003)vs(0.028±0.004),t value was 5.137?3.862 respectively,P value<0.0001?<0.001 respectively];There was no significant difference between the non-ECRSwNP and control groups [(0.028±0.004)vs(0.025±0.004),t=0.560,P>0.05].2.By using the Western blot method,we found that the expression of Galectin-10 in the ECRSwNP group was significantly higher than control and non-ECRSwNP groups[(1.025 ± 0.017)vs(0.538 ± 0.005),(1.025 ± 0.017)vs(0.548 ± 0.008),t value was 27.376?25.351 respectively,both P<0.0001];However,there was no significant difference between the non-ECRSwNP and control groups [(0.548 ± 0.008)vs(0.538 ± 0.005),t=1.071,P>0.05].3.By using the qRT-PCR method,the ?CT value of Galectin-10 mRNA in the ECRSwNP group was significantly lower than control and non-ECRSwNP groups[(4.547±0.175)vs(5.797±0.205),(4.547±0.175)vs(5.550±0.066),t value was 4.641?5.377 respectively,both P<0.01];The ?CT value of Galectin-10 mRNA was not significantly different between the non-ECRSwNP and control groups [(5.550±0.066)vs(5.797±0.205),t=1.146,P>0.05)];We calculated the relative expression of Galectin-mRNA calibrated by the controls.Compared to the control and non-ECRSwNP groups,the expression of Galectin-10 mRNA was higher in the ECRSwNP group[(2.413 ± 0.303)vs(1.020 ± 0.142),(2.413 ± 0.303)vs(1.188 ± 0.054),t value was 4.156?3.973 respectively,both P<0.05 respectively];There was no significant difference between the non-ECRSwNP and control groups[(1.188 ± 0.054)vs(1.020 ± 0.142),t=1.110,P>0.05].Conclusion:The expreesion level of Galectin-10(CLC)was elevated in ECRSwNP,suggesting that Galectin-10(CLC)can be a potential biomarker for ECRSwNP.