The Expression Of Galectin-1in The Serum, Urine And Renal Tissue Of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patient And Their Clinical Correlation

Background Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by multi-organ manifestation whose pathogenesis is not very clearly. Lupus nephritis (LN) is one of the most common manifestations of SLE. Imbalance of T help cell subset and abnormal function and number of inhibitory T cell are reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of SLE.Galectin-1is a carbohydrate-binding protein which can combine with the glycoprotein on the surface of T cells and regulate homeostasis of T cells. It plays an important role in the pathogenesis of much autoimmune disease.Objectives To assay the level of galectin-1in the serum and urine of the SLE patients and find out a promising biomarker. And detect the expression of galectin-1in the kidney tissue of LN patients to provide evidence for further study of the mechanism of LN.Methods50patients who were diagnosis to be SLE were selected. Serum and urine were collected and the level of galectin-1of the sample was assayed by ELISA.Kidney tissue were obtained from another36patients who were diagnosis to be LN and performed renal biopsy.The expression of galectin-1in the kidney tissue of the patients were detected by indirect immunofluorescence and immunohistochemical. Then analys their clinical correlation. Results1.The concentration of galectin-1in the serum of the SLE patients and control group are2.48±2.13(ng/ml)、3.15±2.75(ng/ml) respectively. The concentration of galectin-1in the urine of SLE patients and control group are32.5±20.6(ng/ml)、3.75±2.9(ng/ml) respectively.2. There is no differences between the serum galectin-1level of control group and that of SLE patients.The mild group、middle group、the severe group are higher significantly, compared with the control group(P<0.05). There is no difference between the urn galectin-1level of nonnative group and control group.3. There was a positive correlation between the urine galectin-1level and the disease activity index(r=0.820, P=0.00).4.There was a positive correlation between the urine galectin-1levels and the anti ds-DNA autoantibody、ESR、urine protein levels (r=0.400、0.488、0.515, P=0.001、0.01、0.00).And there was a negative correlation between the urine galectin-1level and the serum total protein、seralbumin、complement C3(r=-0.451、-0.459、-0.349, P=0.01、0.01、0.015)5.There was no correlation between urine galectin-1level and age、sex、medical index、CRP、omplementC4and antinuclear、anti Sm antibody and so on.6. Galectin-1was not detected in normal renal tissue of the control group.Galectin-1was detected in the renal tissue of LN patients. And the expression of galectin-1in different location and density between different renal activity index.7.The expression of galectin-1in the renal tissue of the patients whose activity index(AI) were4-5and6-8were higher significantly compare with control group(P=0.001、0.00).The expression of galectin-1in the renal tissue of the patients whose AI were4-5and6-8were higher significantly compare with that AI were less than4(P=0.01、0.00).8. There were positive correlations between the expression of galectin-1in the renal tissue of LN patients and the AI. AI+CI、disease activity index (r=0.777.0.44.0.399, P=0.00.0.08.0.017respectively).There was a negative correlation between the expression galectin-1of kidney tissue of LN patients and course of disease(Month)(r=-0.392, P=0.02)9.There were no correlation between galectin-1expression on renal tissue of LN patients and the age、sex、medical index. ESR、CRP、 complement C3、C4、urinary sediment and anti ds-DNA. antinuclear anti Sm antibody and so on.Conclusion The urine galectin-1level of SLE patients may represent a novel biomarker to value total disease activity. Galectin-1was detected in the kidney tissue of LN patients while control group was negative suggest that galectin-1involved in the LN pathogenese. Additionally, the expression of galectin-1in the renal tissue of LN patients is positive correlate with AI imply that the expression of galectin-1in reanl tissue may be an promise biomarker to reflect renal activity.