Real-time Assessment Of Pain And Its Influencing Factors Following Dental Implant Surgery

Background: In recent years,with the continuous development of dental implant technology,more and more dentists and patients choose implant restoration as the first choice for the treatment of dentition defect.The surgery of dental implant is an invasive procedure,and the postoperative pain of the surgery was reported to be one of most important factors to make patients stressful and anxious.Objective: The present study was performed to explore the clinical feasibility of real-time assessment for investigating the degree of pain after dental implant placement,to analyze the related factors of postoperative pain,and to provide a theoretical basis for postoperative management.Methods: After the study approved by the ethics committee at our institution,a total of 233 patients in the Department of Rehabilitation of the Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University were selected by convenient sampling from November 2018 to August 2019.After patients signed informed consent and filling the questionnaire,the postoperative pain was evaluated in real time based on cellular phone.All patients were explained to use NRS to evaluate the postoperative pain every 2 h on the half day of surgery,and then every 24 h onward the following day until the 7th day after surgery.All the data were collected and analyzed by SPSS23.0 statistically.The postoperative pain was described statistically,and the predictor variables were tested by Spearman correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis.The survey included age,gender,whether to take painkiller before operation,preoperative tension,ice therapy,whether to have implant operation experience,number of implants,implant site,oral health status,operation duration,and PSQ total.Results: A total of 228 patients' results were performed statistical analysis.The response rate was 97.9%.Pain intensity was slight for the most patients.The peak of pain intensity occurred at the 4th and 6th hour after surgery.Then the pain almost disappeared at the 48 th hour.After performing the Spearman correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis respectively,factors significantly associated with the degree of postoperative pain included premedication with painkiller(P=0.000;0.004),the total scores of Pain Sensitivity Questionnaire(PSQ-total)(P=0.016;0.001)and duration of surgery(P= 0.046;0.028).There was no significantly correlation between the degree of postoperative pain and sex,age,preoperative tension,ice therapy,implantation experience,implantation number,implantation site and oral health.Conclusion:(1)The real-time assessment is a feasible way to reduce the bias caused by ambiguous memory,which is worthy of clinical promotion.(2)The degree of postoperative pain in patients undergoing conventional implant surgery is generally mild.(3)The results may suggest that the use of painkillers,especially for patients with high pain sensitivity and longer operation time,can relieve the degree of postoperative pain in clinical practice.