Application And Effect Evaluation Of Self-care Theory Of Orem In Self-care Of School-age Children With Asthma

Objective:To investigate the status quo of self-care ability,asthma control level and asthma quality of life of school-age children with asthma,and to explore the relationship between self-care ability and asthma control level and quality of life of children with asthma.Based on the self-care theory of Orem,to understand the self-care level and needs of children with asthma effectively and formulate the corresponding nursing intervention program.To explore the application effect of self-care intervention scheme based on self-care theory of Orem in self-care ability,asthma control and asthma quality of life of school-age children with asthma,and to verify the effectiveness of self-care theory of Orem in self-care of school-age children with asthma.Methods:A quasi-experimental study was used in the study.A total of ninety children aged10~14 with asthma who visited the pediatric outpatient department of Hospital from February 2019 to December 2019 were selected by convenient sampling method.Ninety children with asthma was divided into the intervention group and the control group randomly.The control group received routine asthma treatment and nursing education,and the intervention group implemented self-care interventions based on the self-care theory of Orem on the basis of routine treatment and nursing.The wholly compensatory nursing system,partly nursing system or supportive-educative system were selected according to the self-care ability of children with asthma to perform Self-care intervention.Children were evaluated using the Asthma Child Self-Management Scale,Asthma Control Questionnaire and Pediatric Asthma Quality of Life before,one weekend,two months,and four months after the intervention.The results were statistically analyzed by SPSS 20.0 statistical software.Results:(1)In this study,the completed data of 82 children with asthma were collected,there were 42 subjects in the intervention group and 40 subjects in the control group and8 subjects were lost.The loss rate was 8.89%.Among the 82 school-age children of asthma,67.08% of children were male and 32.92% were female.The average age was(11.71±1.17)years old,and the course of disease was(4.09±1.55)years.There was no significant difference between the two groups in the analysis of gender,age,course of disease,disease severity and other general basic data(P>0.05)(2)There was a moderate positive correlation between the self-care ability with asthma and the level of asthma control and quality of life of school-age children(r=0.457,p<0.01;r=0.403,p<0.01;r=0.521,p<0.01).(3)The scores of self-care ability,asthma control level and quality of life of children in the two groups before the intervention: the average score of self-care ability of the subjects before the intervention was(98.91 ± 10.33),which was in the middle level;the average score of asthma control of the subjects aged 10-11 years was(19.63 ± 3.04),the average score of the subjects aged 12-14 years was(18.56 ± 2.59),which was in the uncontrolled level;the quality of life score was(18.56 ± 2.59)(98.91 ± 10.33)is the middle level.(4)The average score of intervention group in after one week,two months and four months were higher than those before intervention(P<0.05).There was no significant difference between before and after intervention in the control group(P >0.05).(5)The scores of self-care ability,asthma control level and quality of life in the intervention group were higher than those of the control group after intervention for 1week,2 months,and 4 months(P <0.05);there was statistically significant of theinteraction(P <0.05).Conclusion:The self-care ability of school-age children with asthma had an impact that was positively correlated to a medium degree on asthma control level and quality of life.The self-care intervention measures based on self-care theory of Orem could improve the self-care ability of school-age children with asthma effectively,and then the asthma control level and quality of life of children with asthma were improved by higher self-care ability.