Study On The Relationship Between Salt Intake And TCM Syndromes Of Essential Hypertension

Objective:To investigate the relationship between salt intake and TCM syndromes,blood pressure,and heart damage in patients with Essential Hypertension in parts of Fujian province,and to provide reference for the TCM syndrome differentiation and prevention of EH.Methods:152 patients with EH(100 in Fuzhou and 52 in Nanping)were selected whose clinical data were collected,questionnaire surveys and TCM syndrome differentiation were performed.The daily salt intake which was estimated by measuring the 24-hoururine sodium excretion,and indexes such as cardiac ultrasound and renal function were measured.To observe the relationship between salt intake and TCM syndromes and the relationship between salt intake and various indexes.Results:1.The salt intake level of patients with EH was 8.80(4.58)g/d,of which Fuzhou group was 8.80(4.28)g/d,Nanping group was 9.00(5.38)g/d,there was no statistical difference between the two groups(P>0.05).2.The salt intake of 82.2% of patients with EH did not meet the guidelines recommended by China.And those who knew the salt limit(28.3%)and those who knew the scientific method of salt limit(7.2%)were relatively low.3.Distribution of TCM syndromes: 19 cases of liver-fire hyperactivity syndrome(12.5%),69 cases of phlegm-dampness accumulation syndrome(45.4%),43 cases of Yin deficiency and Yang hyperactivity syndrome(28.3%),21 cases of deficiency of Yin and Yang syndrome(13.8%).Among them,the proportion of phlegm-dampness accumulation syndrome was relatively high.4.Comparison of salt intake in patients with different TCM syndromes of EH: Yin deficiency and Yang hyperactivity Syndrome > deficiency of Yin and Yang syndrome >phlegm-dampness accumulation syndrome > liver-fire hyperactivity syndrome(P<0.01).The salt intake of liver-fire hyperactivity syndrome was significantly lower than the other three syndromes(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference between the other three syndrome groups(P>0.05).5.The patients of deficiency of Yin and Yang syndrome's age was significantly higher than other syndromes(P<0.05).The patients of phlegm-dampness accumulation syndrome's BMI was higher than other syndromes(P<0.05).6.According to the salt intake,the higher the salt intake was,the higher the SBP and LVMI were,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The SBP of the high-salt group and the medium-salt group was significantly different from that of the low-salt group(P<0.05).The LVMI in the high-salt group was significantly different from that in the middle-salt group and the low-salt group(P<0.05),and there was no statistically significant difference between the other groups(P>0.05).7.According to the classification of hypertension,with the increase of salt intake,the higher the classification of hypertension was,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The salt intake of the grade 1 group was significantly lower than that of the grade 3group(P<0.05),and there was no statistically significant difference between the other groups(P>0.05).8.Spearman correlation analysis showed that the salt intake of patients with EH was positively correlated with SBP(r=0.226,P<0.01)and LVMI(r=0.247,P<0.01).Conclusions:1.The TCM syndromes of EH is related to the salt intake,and the salt intake of patients with Yin deficiency and Yang hyperactivity Syndrome is high.With the increase of salt intake,the disease changes from excess syndrome to deficiency syndrome or combination of both.2.Phlegm-dampness accumulation syndrome of patients with EH is common in some areas of Fujian province,and this type of patients' BMI is higher than other syndromes.3.The control rate of salt intake of patients with EH in some areas of Fujian province is low,and the awareness and implementation of salt limitation are poor.4.The salt intake level of patients with EH was positively correlated with SBP and LVMI.